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could possibly have been

1 could

could [kʊd]

ⓘ GRAM La forme négative est couldn't. Dans les contextes où il est nécessaire d'utiliser une forme plus soignée, on écrit could not.

modal auxiliary verb

(a) (be able to)

∎ I'd come if I could je viendrais si je (le) pouvais;

∎ she could no longer walk elle ne pouvait plus marcher;

∎ they couldn't very well refuse il leur aurait été difficile de refuser;

∎ five years ago I could run a mile in four minutes but I couldn't anymore il y a cinq ans, je courais un mile en quatre minutes mais je ne pourrais plus maintenant;

∎ she could have had the job if she'd wanted it elle aurait pu obtenir cet emploi si elle l'avait voulu

(b) (with verbs of perception or understanding)

∎ he could see her talking to her boss il la voyait qui parlait avec son patron;

∎ I could see his point of view je comprenais son point de vue

(c) (indicating ability or skill)

∎ she could read and write elle savait lire et écrire;

∎ she could speak three languages elle parlait trois langues

(d) (in polite requests)

∎ could I borrow your sweater? est-ce que je pourrais t'emprunter ton pull?;

∎ could I join you? est-ce que je pourrais me joindre à vous?;

∎ couldn't I come too? est-ce que je ne pourrais pas venir moi aussi?;

∎ could you help me please? pourriez-vous ou est-ce que vous pourriez m'aider, s'il vous plaît?;

∎ could you bring the bill, please? pourriez-vous apporter l'addition, s'il vous plaît?

(e) (indicating supposition or speculation)

∎ they could give up at any time ils pourraient abandonner n'importe quand;

∎ could he be lying? se pourrait-il qu'il mente?;

∎ the stock market could crash tomorrow le marché pourrait s'effondrer demain;

∎ you could well be right tu pourrais bien avoir raison;

∎ don't touch it, it could be dangerous n'y touchez pas, ça pourrait être dangereux;

∎ they could have changed their plans ils ont peut-être changé leurs plans

(f) (indicating possibility)

∎ you could have told me the truth tu aurais pu me dire la vérité;

∎ they could easily have got here earlier ils auraient facilement pu arriver ici plus tôt;

∎ you could have warned me! tu aurais pu me prévenir!;

∎ what could I have done with the keys? qu'est-ce que j'ai bien pu faire des clés?;

∎ I could kill him! je pourrais le tuer!;

∎ he could have jumped for joy il en aurait presque sauté de joie;

∎ I'm as happy as could be je suis on ne peut plus heureux;

∎ she was as kind as could be elle était on ne peut plus gentille

(g) (indicating unwillingness)

∎ I couldn't just leave him there, could I? je ne pouvais vraiment pas le laisser là;

∎ I couldn't possibly do it before tomorrow je ne pourrai vraiment pas le faire avant demain

(h) (in polite suggestions)

∎ you could always complain to the director tu pourrais toujours te plaindre au directeur;

∎ couldn't you just apologize? tu ne pourrais pas simplement présenter tes excuses?;

∎ couldn't we at least talk about it? est-ce que nous ne pourrions pas au moins en discuter?

(i) (introducing comments or opinions)

∎ if I could just intervene here est-ce que je peux me permettre d'intervenir ici?;

∎ you could argue it's a waste of resources tu pourrais argumenter que c'est un gaspillage de ressources

(j) (indicating surprise or disbelief)

∎ the house couldn't have been THAT expensive la maison n'a pas dû coûter si cher que ça;

∎ how could she have done such a thing? comment a-t-elle pu faire une chose pareille?;

∎ how could you say that? comment avez-vous pu dire ça ou une chose pareille?;

∎ who on earth could that be? qui diable cela peut-il bien être?

(k) (inviting agreement)

∎ he left and you couldn't blame him il est parti et on ne peut pas lui en vouloir

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > could
2 можно было бы

Можно было бы-- A simple model could possibly have been constructed using beam elements. However, beam elements would not correctly model the junction between the spoke and the bead.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > можно было бы
3 posiblemente

adv.

possibly.

* * *

posiblemente

► adverbio

1 possibly

* * *

ADV possibly

posiblemente el mejor vino del mundo — possibly the best wine in the world

-¿crees que vendrá? -posiblemente — "do you think she'll come?" - "possibly o she might"

posiblemente tengamos que mudarnos — we might have to move, it's possible that we'll have to move

* * *

adverbio possibly

posiblemente no llegue hasta las 10 — he may not arrive until 10

* * *

= conceivably, possibly, arguably.

Ex. In fact, some 'hierarchies' could conceivably consist of a single term.

Ex. This can only achieved by examining the literature of the subject area thoroughly for any isolates that might possibly have been overlooked.

Ex. The date of the edition is arguably the most important part of the imprint or distribution, publication area.

----

* muy posiblemente = for all you know, for all we know.

* * *

adverbio possibly

posiblemente no llegue hasta las 10 — he may not arrive until 10

* * *

= conceivably, possibly, arguably.

Ex: In fact, some 'hierarchies' could conceivably consist of a single term.

Ex: This can only achieved by examining the literature of the subject area thoroughly for any isolates that might possibly have been overlooked.

Ex: The date of the edition is arguably the most important part of the imprint or distribution, publication area.

* muy posiblemente = for all you know, for all we know.

* * *

posiblemente

adverb

possibly

¿lo traerá? — posiblemente will she bring it?— possibly o maybe

posiblemente no llegue hasta las 10 he may not arrive until 10, it's possible that he won't arrive until 10

* * *

posiblemente adverbio possibly: posiblemente vayamos el miércoles, we might go on Wednesday
' posiblemente' also found in these entries:
English:
conceivably
- possibly

* * *

posiblemente adv

possibly, perhaps;

posiblemente no sepamos nada hasta mañana we might not know anything until tomorrow;

¿se lo dirás? – posiblemente will you tell him? – possibly o perhaps

* * *

posiblemente

adv possibly

* * *

posiblemente adv possibly

Spanish-English dictionary > posiblemente
4 ignorar

v.

1 not to know, to be ignorant of.

Ella ignora el hecho de que Mary llegó She is ignorant of the fact that...

2 to ignore (no tener en cuenta).

Ella ignoró sus advertencias She ignored his warnings.

Ella ignoró sus deseos She ignored=disrespected his wishes.

Ella ignoró a Ricardo She ignored Richard.

* * *

ignorar

► verbo transitivo

1 (desconocer) not to know, not be aware of, be unaware of

■ ignoraba que fueran vecinos I didn't know they were neighbours

■ se ignora el paradero del delincuente the criminal's whereabouts are unknown

2 (no hacer caso) to ignore

* * *

verb

1) to ignore

2) be unaware of

* * *

VT

1) (=desconocer) to not know, be ignorant of

ignoramos su paradero — we don't know his whereabouts

lo ignoro por completo — I've absolutely no idea

no ignoro que... — I am fully aware that..., I am not unaware that...

2) (=no tener en cuenta) to ignore

* * *

verbo transitivo

a) ( desconocer)

lo ignoro — I've no idea

ignoran las causas del accidente — they have no idea what caused the accident

ignora los peligros que le acechan — he's unaware of the dangers which await him

b) ( no hacer caso de) to ignore

* * *

= be ignorant of, be ignorant of, ignore, overlook, turn + a blind eye to, leave + aside, outdistance, close + the door on, block off, brush past, pretend + not to have heard, pretend + not to have seen, turn + a deaf ear to, give + Nombre + the cold shoulder, turn + a cold shoulder to, cold-shoulder, diss.

Nota: Derivado del verbo disrespect.

Ex. Clearly, the originators of the major schemes cannot be criticised for be ignorant of these principles.

Ex. Clearly, the originators of the major schemes cannot be criticised for be ignorant of these principles.

Ex. Thus we can easily start to compile a list of prepositions, conjunctions and articles, for example, an, a, the, and, for, this, these, which can be ignored in indexing.

Ex. This can only achieved by examining the literature of the subject area thoroughly for any isolates that might possibly have been overlooked.

Ex. Teachers and librarians cannot afford to turn a blind eye to the literature a child is brought up with at home, no matter how anemic and worthless it may seem to be.

Ex. Leaving aside the heretical thought that perhaps 'all things to all men' is exactly what the public library should be, this alone is not enough.

Ex. The public library cannot outdistance the intellectual climate in which it finds itself.

Ex. Librarians cannot afford to close the door on current issues.

Ex. A globalizing world so devoted to 'diversity,' as the present one is, can ill afford to block off one particular communication channel in favor of any other.

Ex. Physical harassment may occur as bottom pinching, breast grabbing, 'accidental' brushing past or invasion of a woman's space.

Ex. The women will either look uncomfortable and make a hasty exit or will stand there with blank looks on their faces pretending not to have heard.

Ex. She deliberately refused to rise to her feet when he entered a room as was customary, often pretending not to have seen him.

Ex. This is not simply another story of the powerful and comfortable turning a deaf ear to the cries of the sick and poor.

Ex. Sorry Castlegr, I thought that by giving you the cold shoulder you might get the hint and realise the bond has gone.

Ex. With its usual rhetoric, Iran has turned a cold shoulder to the latest sanctions.

Ex. He cold-shouldered his teammates, who cold-shouldered him back.

Ex. And she has the gall to diss a Nobel Prize winner who isn't even in the academic world.

* * *

verbo transitivo

a) ( desconocer)

lo ignoro — I've no idea

ignoran las causas del accidente — they have no idea what caused the accident

ignora los peligros que le acechan — he's unaware of the dangers which await him

b) ( no hacer caso de) to ignore

* * *

= be ignorant of, be ignorant of, ignore, overlook, turn + a blind eye to, leave + aside, outdistance, close + the door on, block off, brush past, pretend + not to have heard, pretend + not to have seen, turn + a deaf ear to, give + Nombre + the cold shoulder, turn + a cold shoulder to, cold-shoulder, diss.

Nota: Derivado del verbo disrespect.

Ex: Clearly, the originators of the major schemes cannot be criticised for be ignorant of these principles.

Ex: Clearly, the originators of the major schemes cannot be criticised for be ignorant of these principles.

Ex: Thus we can easily start to compile a list of prepositions, conjunctions and articles, for example, an, a, the, and, for, this, these, which can be ignored in indexing.

Ex: This can only achieved by examining the literature of the subject area thoroughly for any isolates that might possibly have been overlooked.

Ex: Teachers and librarians cannot afford to turn a blind eye to the literature a child is brought up with at home, no matter how anemic and worthless it may seem to be.

Ex: Leaving aside the heretical thought that perhaps 'all things to all men' is exactly what the public library should be, this alone is not enough.

Ex: The public library cannot outdistance the intellectual climate in which it finds itself.

Ex: Librarians cannot afford to close the door on current issues.

Ex: A globalizing world so devoted to 'diversity,' as the present one is, can ill afford to block off one particular communication channel in favor of any other.

Ex: Physical harassment may occur as bottom pinching, breast grabbing, 'accidental' brushing past or invasion of a woman's space.

Ex: The women will either look uncomfortable and make a hasty exit or will stand there with blank looks on their faces pretending not to have heard.

Ex: She deliberately refused to rise to her feet when he entered a room as was customary, often pretending not to have seen him.

Ex: This is not simply another story of the powerful and comfortable turning a deaf ear to the cries of the sick and poor.

Ex: Sorry Castlegr, I thought that by giving you the cold shoulder you might get the hint and realise the bond has gone.

Ex: With its usual rhetoric, Iran has turned a cold shoulder to the latest sanctions.

Ex: He cold-shouldered his teammates, who cold-shouldered him back.

Ex: And she has the gall to diss a Nobel Prize winner who isn't even in the academic world.

* * *

ignorar [A1 ]

vt

1

(desconocer): lo ignoro por completo I've absolutely no idea

ignoran las causas del accidente they do not know what caused the accident

ignoran lo grave que puede ser el asunto they are unaware of o they don't know how serious things could be

2 (no hacer caso de) to ignore

ignoró totalmente mi presencia he completely ignored my presence

* * *

ignorar ( conjugate ignorar) verbo transitivo
a) ( desconocer):

◊ lo ignoro I've no idea;

ignoran las causas del accidente they do not know what caused the accident;
ignora los peligros que le acechan he's unaware of the dangers which await him
b) ( no hacer caso de) to ignore

ignorar verbo transitivo
1 (desconocer algo) not to know
2 (no dar importancia a algo/alguien) to ignore: ignoró mis consejos, she ignored my advice
nos estuvo ignorando toda la tarde, he didn't pay us the slightest bit of attention all afternoon
' ignorar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
anular
English:
brush off
- cold
- ignorant
- ignore
- unaware
- disregard
- snub

* * *

ignorar vt

1. [desconocer] not to know;

ignoro su dirección I don't know her address;

ignoro por qué lo hizo I don't know why he did it;

lo ignoro por completo I have absolutely no idea;

se ignoran las causas del accidente the cause of the accident is unknown;

no ignoro que es una empresa arriesgada I'm not unaware of the fact that it's a risky venture

2. [hacer caso omiso de] to ignore;

lleva tiempo ignorándome she's been ignoring me for some time

* * *

ignorar

v/t not know, not be aware of;

ignoro cómo sucedió I don’t know how it happened

* * *

ignorar vt

1) : to ignore

2) desconocer: to be unaware of

lo ignoramos por absoluto: we have no idea

* * *

ignorar vb

1. (desconocer) not to know

ignoraba cómo resolver el problema she didn't know how to solve the problem

2. (no hacer caso) to ignore

me ignoró durante todo el día he ignored me all day

Spanish-English dictionary > ignorar
5 mogelijk

mogelijk

I 〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord〉

1 [kunnende gebeuren/gedaan worden] possible ⇒ potential 〈 alleen attributief〉

2 [denkbaar] possible

3 [eventueel] possible ⇒ likely

♦voorbeelden:

1   dit alles is ons mogelijk gemaakt door … • all this has been made possible for us by …

     hoe is het mogelijk, dat je je daarin vergist hebt? • how could you possibly have been mistaken about this?

     het is ons niet mogelijk … • it's impossible for us, we cannot possibly …

     zo mogelijk • if possible

     dat houd ik niet voor mogelijk • I don't think that is possible

     al het mogelijke doen • do everything possible

     voor zover mogelijk • as far as possible

2   het is mogelijk dat hij wat later komt • he may come a little later

     het is heel goed mogelijk dat hij het niet gezien heeft • he may very well not have seen it

II 〈 bijwoord〉

1 [als kan gebeuren] possibly

2 [misschien] possibly ⇒ perhaps

♦voorbeelden:

1   zo goed mogelijk • as best one can

Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > mogelijk
6 vielleicht

Adv.

1. perhaps, maybe; (möglicherweise) possibly; in Fragen: oft by any chance; (etwa) ([a]round) about; vielleicht ist er krank he might ( oder may) be sick; Sie haben vielleicht Recht you may be right; vielleicht kommt er perhaps he’ll come, he may come; vielleicht auch nicht perhaps not; es ist vielleicht besser, wenn... it might be better if...; hast du ihn vielleicht gesehen? have you seen him by any chance?, do you happen to have seen him?; war es vielleicht der Gärtner? was it the gardener by any chance?; vielleicht, dass sie sich irrt etc. perhaps she’s mistaken etc.

2. (ungefähr) about, perhaps; es waren vielleicht 20 Leute da I’d say there were ([a]round) about 20 people there, there would have been - what - 20 people there; sie wiegt vielleicht so 40 Kilo umg. she weighs about 40 kilos or so

3. umg., verstärkend: das war vielleicht ein Durcheinander! what a mess (that was), you should have seen the mess; das war vielleicht was! that was really something!; der hat vielleicht geschimpft! you should have heard him shout; die ist vielleicht doof / dick etc.! how stupid / fat etc. she is!; ich war vielleicht aufgeregt! what a state I was in; (nervös) auch talk about (being) nervous

4. rhetorisch: ist das vielleicht eine Lösung? is that supposed to be a solution?; kannst du vielleicht mal aufhören! oder vielleicht hörst du mal auf umg. d’you think you could stop ( still sein: shut up) for a minute?; hast du’s vielleicht (etwa) verloren? don’t tell me you’ve lost it; glaubt er vielleicht, dass ich es war? surely he doesn’t think I did it?; soll ich das vielleicht auch noch machen? don’t tell me that I’m supposed to do that too!

* * *

perhaps; peradventure; possibly; maybe; perchance; belike

* * *
viel|leicht [fi'laiçt]
adv

1) perhaps; (esp in Bitten) by any chance

ja, vielléícht — yes, perhaps or maybe

haben Sie vielléícht meinen Hund gesehen? — have you seen my dog by any chance?

könnten Sie mir vielléícht sagen, wie spät es ist? — could you possibly tell me the time?

vielléícht könnten Sie so freundlich sein und...? — perhaps you'd be so kind as to...?

vielléícht sagst du mir mal, warum — you'd better tell me why

vielléícht hältst du mal den Mund! — keep your mouth shut

hat er sich vielléícht verirrt/wehgetan? — maybe he has got lost/has hurt himself

hast du ihm das vielléícht erzählt? — did you perhaps tell him that?; (entsetzt

vielléícht hast du recht — perhaps you're right, you may be right, maybe you're right

vielléícht, dass... — it could be that...

2) (= wirklich, tatsächlich, inf: verstärkend) really

soll ich vielléícht 24 Stunden arbeiten?! — am I supposed to work 24 hours then?

willst du mir vielléícht erzählen, dass...?! — do you really mean to tell me that...?

du bist vielléícht ein Idiot! — you really are an idiot!

ich war vielléícht nervös! — I wasn't half nervous! (Brit inf), was I nervous!, I was as nervous as anything (inf)

das ist vielléícht ein Haus! — that's what I call a house! (inf), that's some house! (inf)

3) (= ungefähr) perhaps, about

* * *

1) (it is possible (that); perhaps: Maybe he'll come, and maybe he won't.) maybe

2) (possibly: Perhaps it will rain.) perhaps

3) possibly

* * *

viel·leicht

[fiˈlaiçt]

I. adv

1. (eventuell) perhaps, maybe

▪ \vielleicht, dass... it could be that...

\vielleicht, dass ich mich geirrt habe perhaps I'm mistaken

2. (ungefähr) about

der Täter war \vielleicht 30 Jahre alt the perpetrator was about 30 years old

II. part

1. (fam: bitte) please

würdest du mich \vielleicht einmal ausreden lassen? would you please let me finish [what I was saying] for once?

2. (fam: etwa) by any chance

erwarten Sie \vielleicht, dass ausgerechnet ich Ihnen das Geld gebe? you don't, by any chance, expect me of all people to give you the money?

bin ich \vielleicht Jesus? who do you suppose I am, the Almighty?

wollen Sie mich \vielleicht provozieren? surely you're not trying to provoke me, are you?

3. (fam: wirklich) really

du bist mir \vielleicht ein Blödmann! you really are a stupid idiot!

du erzählst \vielleicht einen Quatsch you're talking rubbish

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) perhaps; maybe

hast du den Schirm vielleicht im Büro liegen lassen? — could it be that you left your umbrella in the office?

2) (ungefähr) perhaps; about
2.
Partikel

1)

kannst du mir vielleicht sagen,...? — could you possibly tell me...?

hast du vielleicht meinen Bruder gesehen? — have you seen my brother by any chance?

2) (wirklich) really

ich war vielleicht aufgeregt — I was terribly excited or as excited as anything (coll.)

du bist vielleicht ein Blödmann! — what a stupid idiot you are! (coll.)

* * *

vielleicht adv

1. perhaps, maybe; (möglicherweise) possibly; in Fragen: oft by any chance; (etwa) ([a]round) about;

vielleicht ist er krank he might ( oder may) be sick;

Sie haben vielleicht recht you may be right;

vielleicht kommt er perhaps he’ll come, he may come;

vielleicht auch nicht perhaps not;

es ist vielleicht besser, wenn … it might be better if …;

hast du ihn vielleicht gesehen? have you seen him by any chance?, do you happen to have seen him?;

war es vielleicht der Gärtner? was it the gardener by any chance?;

vielleicht, dass sie sich irrt etc perhaps she’s mistaken etc

2. (ungefähr) about, perhaps;

es waren vielleicht 20 Leute da I’d say there were ([a]round) about 20 people there, there would have been - what - 20 people there;

sie wiegt vielleicht so 40 Kilo umg she weighs about 40 kilos or so

3. umg, verstärkend:

das war vielleicht ein Durcheinander! what a mess (that was), you should have seen the mess;

das war vielleicht was! that was really something!;

der hat vielleicht geschimpft! you should have heard him shout;

die ist vielleicht doof/dick etc! how stupid/fat etc she is!;

ich war vielleicht aufgeregt! what a state I was in; (nervös) auch talk about (being) nervous

4. rhetorisch:

ist das vielleicht eine Lösung? is that supposed to be a solution?;

kannst du vielleicht mal aufhören! oder

vielleicht hörst du mal auf umg d’you think you could stop ( still sein: shut up) for a minute?;

hast du’s vielleicht (etwa)

verloren? don’t tell me you’ve lost it;

glaubt er vielleicht, dass ich es war? surely he doesn’t think I did it?;

soll ich das vielleicht auch noch machen? don’t tell me that I’m supposed to do that too!

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) perhaps; maybe

hast du den Schirm vielleicht im Büro liegen lassen? — could it be that you left your umbrella in the office?

2) (ungefähr) perhaps; about
2.
Partikel

1)

kannst du mir vielleicht sagen,...? — could you possibly tell me...?

hast du vielleicht meinen Bruder gesehen? — have you seen my brother by any chance?

2) (wirklich) really

ich war vielleicht aufgeregt — I was terribly excited or as excited as anything (coll.)

du bist vielleicht ein Blödmann! — what a stupid idiot you are! (coll.)

* * *

adv.

maybe adv.

perhaps adv.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > vielleicht
7 pouvoir

pouvoir [puvwaʀ]

━━━━━━━━━

1. auxiliary verb

2. impersonal verb

3. transitive verb

4. reflexive verb

5. masculine noun

6. compounds

━━━━━━━━━

➭ TABLE 33

1. <

   a. (permission)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Lorsque pouvoir sert à donner la permission de faire quelque chose, il peut se traduire par can ou may ; can est le plus courant et couvre la majorité des cas.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• tu peux le garder si tu veux you can keep it if you like

• maintenant, tu peux aller jouer now you can go and play

• vous pouvez desservir you can clear the table

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► On emploie can lorsque la permission dépend d'une tierce personne ou d'une autorité ; can étant un verbe défectif, to be able to le remplace aux temps où il ne peut être conjugué.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• sa mère a dit qu'il ne pouvait pas rester his mother said he couldn't stay

• elle ne pourra lui rendre visite qu'une fois par semaine she'll only be able to visit him once a week

► pouvoir ne pas

• il peut ne pas venir he doesn't have to come

• tu peux très bien ne pas venir you don't have to come

   b. (demande)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Lorsque l'on demande à quelqu'un la permission de faire quelque chose, qu'on lui demande un service ou qu'on lui donne un ordre poli, on utilise can ou la forme plus polie could.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• est-ce que je peux fermer la fenêtre ? can I shut the window?

• puis-je emprunter votre stylo ? could I borrow your pen?

• pourrais-je vous parler ? could I have a word with you?

• puis-je vous être utile ? can I be of assistance?

• tu peux m'ouvrir la porte, s'il te plaît ? can you or could you open the door for me, please?

• pourriez-vous nous apporter du thé ? could you bring us some tea?

   c. (possibilité)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Lorsque pouvoir exprime une possibilité ou une capacité, il se traduit généralement par can ou par to be able to ; can étant un verbe défectif, to be able to le remplace aux temps où il ne peut être conjugué.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• peut-il venir ? can he come?

• ne peut-il pas venir ? can't he come?

• il ne peut pas venir he can't come

• il ne pourra plus jamais marcher he will never be able to walk again

• je ne peux que vous féliciter I can only congratulate you

• je voudrais pouvoir vous aider I wish I could help you

• il n'a pas pu venir he couldn't come

• la salle peut contenir 100 personnes the auditorium can seat 100 people

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Lorsque pouvoir implique la notion de réussite, on emploie to manage.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• il a pu réparer la machine à laver he managed to fix the washing machine

• tu as pu lui téléphoner ? did you manage to phone him?

• j'ai essayé de le joindre, mais je n'ai pas pu I tried to get in touch with him but I didn't manage to

   d. (probabilité, hypothèse)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Lorsque pouvoir exprime une probabilité, une éventualité ou une hypothèse, il se traduit par could ; might implique une plus grande incertitude.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• il pourrait être italien he could or might be Italian

• ça peut laisser une cicatrice it might leave a scar

• ça aurait pu être un voleur ! it could or might have been a burglar!

► bien + pouvoir

• où ai-je bien pu mettre mon stylo ? where on earth can I have put my pen?

• qu'est-ce qu'il peut bien faire ? what can he be doing?

• il a très bien pu entrer sans qu'on le voie he could very well have come in without anyone seeing him

• qu'est-ce que cela peut bien lui faire ? (inf) what's it to him? (inf)

   e. (suggestion) could

• je pourrais venir te chercher I could come and pick you up

• tu aurais pu me dire ça plus tôt ! you could have told me sooner!

   f. (souhaits) puisse-t-il guérir rapidement ! let's hope he makes a speedy recovery!

• puissiez-vous dire vrai ! let's hope you're right!

2. <

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► La probabilité, l'éventualité, l'hypothèse ou le risque sont rendus par may ; might implique une plus grande incertitude.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• il peut pleuvoir it may rain

• il pourrait pleuvoir it might rain

• il pourrait s'agir d'un assassinat it might be murder

3. <

• est-ce qu'on peut quelque chose pour lui ? is there anything we can do for him?

• il fait ce qu'il peut he does what he can

• il a fait tout ce qu'il a pu he did all he could

• que puis-je pour vous ? what can I do for you?

• je ne peux rien faire pour vous I can't do anything for you

• on n'y peut rien nothing can be done about it

• désolé, mais je n'y peux rien I'm sorry, but there's nothing I can do about it

► on ne peut plus

• il a été on ne peut plus aimable he couldn't have been kinder

• il a été on ne peut plus clair he couldn't have made it clearer► n'en pouvoir plus

• je n'en peux plus (fatigue) I'm worn out ; (énervement) I've had enough ; (désespoir) I can't take it any longer

• il n'en peut plus d'attendre he's fed up with waiting (inf)

4. <

► se pouvoir

• ça se peut (inf) it's possible

• tu crois qu'il va pleuvoir ? -- ça se pourrait bien do you think it's going to rain? -- it might

• ça ne se peut pas (inf) that's not possible► il se peut que + subjonctif

• il se peut qu'elle vienne she may come► il se pourrait que + subjonctif

• il se pourrait qu'elle vienne she might come

• il se pourrait bien qu'il pleuve it might or could well rain

5. <

power ; ( = capacité) ability ; ( = influence) influence

• avoir le pouvoir de faire qch to have the power to do sth

• il a un extraordinaire pouvoir de conviction he has remarkable powers of persuasion

• il fera tout ce qui est en son pouvoir he will do everything in his power

• pouvoir absorbant absorbency

• avoir beaucoup de pouvoir to have a lot of power

• avoir du pouvoir sur qn to have power over sb

• n'avoir aucun pouvoir sur qn to have no influence over sb

• tenir qn en son pouvoir to hold sb in one's power

• le quatrième pouvoir ( = presse) the press

• en vertu des pouvoirs qui me sont conférés by virtue of the power which has been vested in me

• séparation des pouvoirs separation of powers

• avoir pouvoir de faire qch (autorisation) to have authority to do sth ; (droit) to have the right to do sth

• pouvoir central central government

• le parti au pouvoir the party in power

• avoir le pouvoir to have power

• exercer le pouvoir to rule

• prendre le pouvoir (légalement) to come to power ; (illégalement) to seize power

• des milieux proches du pouvoir sources close to the government

6. <

► pouvoir d'achat purchasing power

► pouvoir de décision decision-making powers

► le pouvoir exécutif executive power

► le pouvoir judiciaire judicial power

* * *

Note: can et may qui peuvent traduire le verbe pouvoir ne s'emploient ni à l'infinitif, ni au futur

I
1. puvwaʀ
verbe auxiliaire

1) ( être capable de) to be able to

peux-tu soulever cette boîte? — can you lift this box?

dès que je pourrai — as soon as I can

je suis content que vous ayez pu venir — I'm glad you could come

il pourrait mieux faire — he could do better

je n'en peux plus — (épuisement, exaspération) I've had it (colloq); ( satiété) I'm full (colloq)

2) ( être autorisé à) to be allowed to

est-ce que je peux me servir de ta voiture? — can I use your car?

puis-je m'asseoir? — may I sit down?

est-ce qu'on peut fumer ici? — is smoking allowed here?

3) ( avoir le choix de)

on peut écrire clef ou clé — the word can be written clef or clé

on peut ne pas faire l'accord — the agreement is optional

il ne peut pas ne pas accepter — he has no option but to accept

4) ( avoir l'obligeance de)

pourriez-vous me tenir la porte s'il vous plaît? — can ou could you hold the door (open) for me please?

5) ( être susceptible de)

tout peut arriver — anything could happen

il ne peut pas ne pas gagner — he's bound to win

puisse cette nouvelle année exaucer vos vœux les plus chers — wishing you everything you could want for the new year

qu'est-ce que cela peut (bien) te faire? — (colloq) what business is it of yours?

on peut toujours espérer — there's no harm in wishing ou hoping

s'il croit que je vais payer il peut toujours attendre — if he thinks I'm going to pay he's got another think coming

ce qu'il peut être grand! — how tall he is!

peux-tu être bête! — you can be so silly!

2.

verbe transitif

que puis-je pour vous? — what can I do for you?

je ne peux rien pour vous/contre eux — there's nothing I can do for you/about them

je fais ce que je peux — I'm doing my best

3.

verbe impersonnel

il peut faire très froid en janvier — it can get very cold in January

il pouvait être 10 heures — it was probably about 10 o'clock

il peut neiger comme il peut faire beau — it might snow or it might be fine

c'est inimaginable ce qu'il a pu pleuvoir! — you can't imagine ou wouldn't believe how much it rained!

4.

il se peut verbe pronominal impersonnel

il se peut que les prix augmentent en juin — prices may ou might rise in June

se peut-il qu'il m'ait oublié? — can he really have forgotten me?

‘est-ce que tu viendras ce soir?’ - ‘cela se peut’ — ‘are you coming this evening?’ - ‘I may do’

ça ne se peut pas — (colloq) it's impossible

5.

on ne peut plus locution adverbiale

il est on ne peut plus timide — he is as shy as can be

il est on ne peut plus désagréable — he's thoroughly unpleasant

6.

on ne peut mieux locution adverbiale

c'est on ne peut mieux — it couldn't be better

ils s'entendent on ne peut mieux — they get on extremely well

••

autant que faire se peut — as far as possible

II puvwaʀ
nom masculin

1) ( puissance) power

pouvoirs surnaturels — supernatural powers

2) ( faculté) ability

avoir le pouvoir de faire — to be able to do

3) ( ascendant) power ( sur over)

4) ( autorité) power, authority

je n'ai pas le pouvoir de décider — it's not up to me to decide

5) Politique power

pouvoir absolu — absolute power

après 15 ans au pouvoir — after 15 years in power

donner tous pouvoir à quelqu'un — to give somebody full powers

le pouvoir en place — the government in power

6) Administration, Droit power

pouvoir par-devant notaire — power of attorney

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- pouvoir d'achat

- pouvoir exécutif

- le pouvoir judiciaire

- pouvoir législatif

- les pouvoir s constitués

- pouvoir s publics

* * *
puvwaʀ
1. nm

1) (= influence, autorité) power

Le Premier ministre a beaucoup de pouvoir. — The prime minister has a lot of power.

avoir pouvoir de faire (= autorisation) — to have the authority to do, to have authority to do, (= droit) to have the right to do

2) (= dirigeants)

le pouvoir — those in power

les pouvoirs publics — the authorities

2. vb aux

1) (= avoir la possibilité de) to be able to

Je suis déçu de ne pas pouvoir le faire. — I am disappointed not to be able to do it.

Je ne pourrai pas venir samedi. — I won't be able to come on Saturday., I can't come on Saturday.

Je n'ai pas pu le réparer. — I couldn't repair it., I wasn't able to repair it.

Je peux lui téléphoner si tu veux. — I can phone her if you like.

2) (= avoir la permission de)

Vous pouvez aller au cinéma. — You can go to the pictures.

Puis-je venir vous voir samedi? — May I come and see you on Saturday?

3) (hypothèse)

Il a pu avoir un accident. — He may have had an accident., He might have had an accident., He could have had an accident.

Il aurait pu le dire! — He might have said so!, He could have said so!

4) (autres locutions)

tu ne peux pas savoir! — you have no idea!

tu peux le dire! — you can say that again!

3. vb impers

il peut arriver que — it may be that

il pourrait pleuvoir — it might rain

4. vt

J'ai fait tout ce que j'ai pu. — I did all I could.

Fais ce que tu peux. — Do what you can.

Je n'y peux rien. — I can't do anything about it.

on ne peut; Je me porte on ne peut mieux. — I'm absolutely fine., I couldn't be better.

Elle est on ne peut plus gentille. — She couldn't be nicer., She's as nice as can be.

je n'en peux plus (fatigue) — I'm exhausted, (patience) I can't take any more

* * *

I.

pouvoir verb table: pouvoir

❢ Can et may qui peuvent traduire le verbe pouvoir ne s'emploient ni à l'infinitif, ni au futur.

A v aux

1 ( être capable de) to be able to; peux-tu soulever cette boîte? can you lift this box?; nous espérons pouvoir partir cette année we hope to be able to go away this year; dès que je pourrai as soon as I can; il ne pourra pas venir he won't be able to come; je suis content que vous ayez pu venir I'm glad you could come; il ne pouvait pas cacher son irritation he couldn't conceal his annoyance; il pourrait mieux faire he could do better; elle aurait pu le faire she could have done it; tu peux/pourrais bien me rendre ce service you can/could at least do this for me; tu ne pouvais pas me le dire tout de suite! why couldn't you have told me ou didn't you tell me that right away?; on ne pourrait mieux dire that's very well put; je n'en peux plus (épuisement, exaspération) I've had it○; ( satiété) I'm full○; ⇒ vieillesse;

2 ( être autorisé à) to be allowed to; les élèves ne peuvent pas quitter l'établissement sans autorisation pupils can't ou may not ou are not allowed to leave the school without permission; est-ce que je peux me servir de ta voiture? can I use your car?; puis-je m'asseoir? may I sit down?; est-ce qu'on peut fumer ici? is smoking allowed here?; nous ne pouvons tout de même pas les laisser faire we can't just stand by and do nothing; tu peux toujours essayer you can ou could always try; on peut dire que it can be said that; après ce qui est arrivé on peut se poser des questions after what happened questions are bound to be asked;

3 ( avoir le choix de) on peut écrire clef ou clé the word can be written clef or clé; on peut ne pas faire l'accord the agreement is optional; il ne peut pas ne pas accepter he has no option but to accept; il peut être malade après tout ce qu'il a mangé after the amount he ate it's no wonder that he is ill;

4 ( avoir l'obligeance de) pourriez-vous me tenir la porte s'il vous plaît? can ou could you hold the door (open) for me please?; si tu pouvais garder la petite, je sortirais un peu if you could keep an eye on the baby, I could go out for a while; peux-tu me dire quelle heure il est s'il te plaît? could you tell me the time please?;

5 ( être susceptible de) tout peut arriver anything could happen; cela pourrait arriver à n'importe qui it could happen to anybody; il ne peut pas ne pas gagner he's bound to win; où peut-il bien être? where can he be?; où pouvait-il bien être? where could he be?; que peut-il bien faire? what can he be doing?; tout le monde peut se tromper anyone can make a mistake; puisse cette nouvelle année exaucer vos vœux les plus chers wishing you everything you could want for the new year; puisse-t-il revenir sur sa décision we can only hope that he goes back on his decision; puissiez-vous dire vrai let us hope you are right; rien ne pourra l'arrêter nothing can stop him/her; qu'est-ce que cela peut (bien) te faire? what business is it of yours?; il peut toujours espérer there's no harm in wishing ou hoping; s'il croit que je vais payer ses dettes il peut toujours attendre if he thinks I'm going to pay his debts he's got another think coming; elle pouvait mentir, il l'aimait toujours no matter how much she lied, he still loved her; qu'est-ce qu'il peut y avoir comme monde! what a crowd there is!; qu'est-ce qu'il peut faire froid ici! it's so cold here!; ce qu'il peut être grand! how tall he is!; peux-tu être bête! how silly you can be!

B vtr que puis-je pour vous? what can I do for you?; je ne peux rien pour vous/contre eux there's nothing I can do for you/about them; je n'y peux rien I can't do anything about it, there's nothing I can do about it; je fais ce que je peux I'm doing my best; ‘je sais que c'est difficile mais qu'y puis-je?’-‘vous pouvez beaucoup’ ‘I know it's hard, but what can I do?’-‘plenty’.

C v impers il peut faire très froid en janvier it can get very cold in January; il pourrait arriver que je parte I could ou might leave; il pouvait être 10 heures it was probably about 10 o'clock; il peut neiger comme il peut faire beau it might snow or it might be fine; c'est inimaginable ce qu'il a pu pleuvoir! you can't imagine ou wouldn't believe how much it rained!; ce qu'il peut pleuvoir en ce moment! it's raining really hard at the moment.

D il se peut vpr impers il se peut que les prix augmentent en juin prices may ou might rise in June; il se peut or pourrait que j'accepte leur offre I may ou might accept their offer; se peut-il qu'il m'ait oublié? can he really have forgotten me?; se peut-il que vous ayez fait cela? how could you do such a thing?; ‘est-ce que tu viendras ce soir?’-‘cela se peut’ ‘are you coming this evening?’-‘I may do’; cela se pourrait bien very possibly so; il or cela se pourrait (bien) qu'il soit fâché he might (well) be angry; ça ne se peut pas○ it's impossible.

E on ne peut plus loc adv il est on ne peut plus timide he is as shy as can be; c'est on ne peut mieux it couldn't be better; il travaille on ne peut plus sérieusement you couldn't ask for a more conscientious worker; il est on ne peut plus désagréable he's thoroughly unpleasant.

Idiomes

qui peut le plus peut le moins if you can do something complicated, you can do something simple; autant que faire se peut as far as possible.

II.

pouvoir nm

1 ( puissance) power; pouvoirs surnaturels supernatural powers; pouvoir blanchissant d'un détergent whitening power of a detergent; pouvoir d'évocation d'un mot evocative power of a word;

2 ( faculté) ability; avoir un remarquable pouvoir d'adaptation to be remarkably adaptable; avoir le pouvoir de faire to be able to do;

3 ( ascendant) power (sur over); le pouvoir de qn sur qn sb's power over sb; il la tient en son pouvoir he's got her in his power;

4 ( autorité) power, authority; n'avoir aucun pouvoir sur qn to have no power over sb; je n'ai pas le pouvoir de décider it's not up to me to decide; il n'est pas en mon pouvoir de prendre une telle décision I'm not the one who decides;

5 Pol power; pouvoir absolu/royal absolute/royal power; après 15 ans de pouvoir after 15 years in power; avoir le pouvoir to be in power; exercer le pouvoir to exercise power; prendre le pouvoir to take power; arriver au pouvoir to come to power; se maintenir au pouvoir to stay in power; séparation des pouvoirs separation of powers; en vertu des pouvoirs qui nous sont conférés by reason of ou in exercise of the powers invested in us; avoir tous pouvoirs to have ou exercise all powers; donner tous pouvoir à qn to give sb full powers, to confer full powers on sb; les pleins pouvoirs full powers; le pouvoir en place the government in power;

6 Admin, Jur power; déléguer ses pouvoirs à qn to delegate powers to sb; pouvoir par-devant notaire power of attorney; donner pouvoir à qn to give sb a proxy.

Composés

pouvoir d'achat purchasing power; pouvoir calorifique calorific value; pouvoir exécutif executive power; le pouvoir judiciaire ( corps) the judiciary; pouvoir législatif legislative power; pouvoir séparateur Phys resolving power; pouvoir spirituel spiritual power; pouvoir temporel temporal power; les pouvoirs constitués the powers that be; pouvoirs exceptionnels emergency powers; pouvoirs publics authorities.

I

[puvwar] nom masculin

1. [aptitude, possibilité] power

avoir un grand pouvoir de concentration/de persuasion to have great powers of concentration/persuasion

je n'ai pas le pouvoir de lire l'avenir! I cannot predict the future!

il n'est plus en notre pouvoir de décider de la question we're no longer in a position to decide on this matter

je ferai tout ce qui est en mon pouvoir pour t'aider I'll do everything ou all in my power to help you

pouvoir d'achat ÉCONOMIE purchasing power

2. ADMINISTRATION & DROIT [d'un président, d'un tuteur] power

avoir pouvoir de décision to have the authority to decide

pouvoir disciplinaire disciplinary powers

3. POLITIQUE

le pouvoir

a. [exercice] power

b. [gouvernants] government

elle est trop proche du pouvoir pour comprendre she's too close to the seat of power to understand

arriver au pouvoir to come to power

être au pouvoir

a. [parti élu] to be in power ou office

b. [junte] to be in power

les gens au pouvoir ne connaissent pas nos problèmes those in power ou the powers that be don't understand our difficulties

prendre le pouvoir

a. [élus] to take office

b. [dictateur] to seize power

exercer le pouvoir to exercise power, to govern, to rule

le pouvoir central central government

le pouvoir exécutif executive power, the executive

le pouvoir judiciaire judicial power, the judiciary

le pouvoir législatif legislative power, the legislature

le pouvoir local local government, the local authorities

4. [influence] power, influence

avoir du pouvoir sur quelqu'un to have power ou influence over somebody

avoir quelqu'un en son pouvoir to have somebody in one's power

5. PHYSIQUE & TECHNOLOGIE power, quality

pouvoir calorifique (inférieur)/supérieur (net)/gross calorific value

pouvoir couvrant (d'une peinture) opacity (of a paint)

pouvoir isolant insulating capacity

————————

pouvoirs nom masculin pluriel

1. [fonctions] powers, authority

outrepasser ses pouvoirs to overstep ou to exceed one's authority

avoir tous pouvoirs pour faire quelque chose

a. [administrateur] to have full powers to do something

b. [architecte, animateur] to have carte blanche to do something

pouvoirs exceptionnels POLITIQUE special powers (available to the President of the French Republic in an emergency)

2. [gouvernants]

les pouvoirs constitués the legally constituted government

les pouvoirs publics the authorities

3. [surnaturels] powers

II

[puvwar] verbe auxiliaire

1. [avoir la possibilité, la capacité de]

je peux revenir en France I'm able to ou I can return to France

je peux vous aider? [généralement, dans un magasin] can I help you?

on peut toujours s'arranger some sort of an arrangement can always be worked out

comment as-tu pu lui mentir! how could you lie to him!

quand il pourra de nouveau marcher when he's able to walk again

je ne peux pas dormir I'm unable to ou I can't sleep

tout le monde ne peut pas le faire/en dire autant! not everybody can do it/say that!

le projet ne pourra pas se faire sans sa collaboration the project can't be carried out without her collaboration

tu ne peux pas ne pas l'aider you MUST help her, you can't refuse to help her

il ne peut pas la voir (en peinture) (familier) he can't stand (the sight of) her

2. [parvenir à] to manage ou to be able to

avez-vous pu entrer en contact avec lui? did you succeed in contacting ou manage to contact him?

c'est construit de telle manière que l'on ne puisse pas s'échapper it's built in such a way that it's impossible to escape ou as to make escape impossible

3. [avoir la permission de]

vous pouvez disposer you may ou can go now

si je peux ou (soutenu) si je puis m'exprimer ainsi if I may use the phrase

si on ne peut plus plaisanter, maintenant! it's a pretty sad thing if you can't have a laugh anymore!

[avoir des raisons de]

on ne peut que s'en féliciter one can't but feel happy about it

je suis désolé — ça, tu peux (l'être)! (familier) I'm so sorry — so you should be ou and with good reason ou and I should think so too!

4. [exprime une éventualité, un doute, un risque]

la maladie peut revenir the disease can ou may recur

attention, tu pourrais glisser careful, you might ou could slip

ce ne peut être déjà les invités! (surely) it can't be the guests already!

j'aurais pu l'attendre longtemps, elle n'arrive que demain! I could have waited a long time, she's not coming until tomorrow!

après tout, il pourrait bien ne pas avoir menti he may well have been telling the truth after all

c'est plus facile qu'on ne pourrait le croire it's easier than you might think

je peux toujours m'être trompé it's possible I might have got it wrong

ça aurait pu être pire it could have been worse

(tournure impersonnelle)

il pourrait s'agir d'un suicide it could ou may ou might be a suicide

il peut arriver que... it may (so) ou can happen that...

5. [exprime une approximation]

elle pouvait avoir entre 50 et 60 ans she could have been between 50 and 60 (years of age)

6. [exprime une suggestion, une hypothèse]

tu peux toujours essayer de lui téléphoner you could always try phoning him

tu pourrais au moins t'excuser! you could at least apologize!, the least you could do is (to) apologize!

il aurait pu me prévenir! he could've ou might've warned me!

on peut s'attendre à tout avec elle anything's possible with her

7. [en intensif]

où ai-je bien pu laisser mes lunettes? what on earth can I have done with my glasses?

qu'a-t-elle (bien) pu leur dire pour les mettre dans cet état? what can she possibly have said for them to be in such a state!

8. (littéraire) [exprime le souhait]

puisse-t-il vous entendre! let us hope he can hear you!

puissé-je ne jamais revivre des moments pareils! may I never have to live through that again!

————————

[puvwar] verbe transitif

[être capable de faire]

qu'y puis-je? what can I do about it?

vous seul y pouvez quelque chose only you can do anything about it

on n'y peut rien it can't be helped, nothing can be done about it

que puis-je pour vous? what can I do for you?

j'ai fait tout ce que j'ai pu I did my level best ou all I could

je n'en peux plus

a. [physiquement] I'm exhausted

b. [moralement] I can't take anymore ou stand it any longer

c. [je suis rassasié] I'm full (up)

ma voiture n'en peut plus (familier) my car's had it

je n'en peux plus de l'entendre se plaindre sans cesse I just can't take his continual moaning any more

regarde-le danser avec elle, il n'en peut plus! (familier & humoristique) just look at him dancing with her, he's in seventh heaven!

————————

se pouvoir verbe impersonnel

ça se peut it may ou could be

ça se peut, mais... that's as may be, but...

il va pleuvoir — ça se pourrait bien! it's going to rain — that's quite possible!

sois calme, et s'il se peut, diplomate keep calm and, if (at all) possible, be tactful

il ou ça se peut que: il se peut qu'il soit malade he might be ill, maybe he's ill

il se pourrait bien qu'il n'y ait plus de places it might ou could well be fully booked

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > pouvoir

8 potere

1. v/i can, be able to

non posso andare I can't go

non ho potuto farlo I couldn't do it, I was unable to do it

posso fumare? do you mind if I smoke?

formale may I smoke?

può essere perhaps, maybe

può darsi perhaps, maybe

2. m power

potere d'acquisto purchasing power

essere al potere be in power

* * *

potere v.servile

1 (possibilità materiale o dipendente dalla capacità del sogg.) can (indic. e cong.pres.); could (indic. e cong.pass., cond.); to be* able: puoi venire quando vuoi, you can come when you like; può frequentare qualsiasi tipo di scuola, he can attend any kind of school; posso camminare per ore senza stancarmi, I can walk for hours without getting tired; non possiamo andare avanti così, we can't go on like this; non sempre si può fare ciò che si vuole, you can't always do what you like; come puoi pensare una cosa simile?, how can (o could) you think such a thing?; che cosa posso fare per te?, what can I do for you?; non poteva fare di più, he couldn't do any more; faremo quello che potremo, we'll do what we can; non potrà giocare perché si è infortunato, he can't play (o he won't be able to play) because he's been injured; stanotte non ho potuto dormire, I couldn't (o I wasn't able to) sleep last night; a quel punto, non potevano fare più nulla, at that point there was no more they could do (o they couldn't do anything else); non potè dire altro, he couldn't say anything else; come hai potuto farmi un torto simile?, how could you do this to me?; non può aver detto questo, he can't have said that; potrebbe tornare più tardi?, could you come back later?; potresti farmi un favore?, could you do me a favour?; ti aiuterei se potessi, I would help you if I could; se l'avessi saputo prima, avrei potuto aiutarti, if I'd known it before, I could have helped you; potevi almeno telefonarmi, you could at least have phoned me; in quella situazione che altro potevo fare?, what else could I have done in that situation?; potendo, lascerei la città e andrei a vivere in campagna, I'd leave the city and go and live in the country, if I could (o if I could, I'd leave...); non avendo potuto parlargli, gli lasciai un messaggio, not having been able (o having been unable) to speak to him, I left him a message; prometto di fare tutto ciò che posso, I promise I'll do all I can (o I'll do my best); vorrei poterti aiutare, I wish I could help you

2 ( possibilità dipendente dalla volontà altrui) may (indic. e cong. pres.), might (indic.pass. nel discorso indiretto e cond.) ( entrambe le forme sono spesso sostituite nell'uso corrente da can, could, to be* able); to be* allowed, to be* permitted: posso fumare?, may I smoke (o is it all right if I smoke?); non si può fumare nei locali pubblici, smoking is not allowed (o permitted) in public places; se posso esprimere un parere..., if I may express an opinion...; posso farle una domanda?, may (o can) I ask you a question?; ''Possiamo entrare?'' ''No, è vietato l'ingresso al pubblico'', ''May (o Can) we come (o go) in?'' ''No, members of the public are not allowed to enter (o are not admitted o form. may not enter)''; potete pagare in contanti o in assegno, you can (o may) pay cash or by cheque; gli interessati possono presentare domanda di trasferimento, those concerned (o interested) may request a transfer; non puoi vedere quel film, è vietato ai minori, you can't see (o you aren't allowed to see) that film, it's an X certificate; non ci si può comportare così!, you can't (o you mustn't) behave like that!; chiese se poteva vederlo, he asked if he could (o form. might o might be permitted to) see him; disse che potevamo usare la sua macchina fotografica, he said we could (o form. might) use his camera; non abbiamo potuto passare dal centro perché era chiuso al traffico, we couldn't (o we were unable to o not allowed to) go through the centre, because it was closed to traffic; nessuno potrà assentarsi senza autorizzazione, no one can leave without permission; i certificati si possono ritirare solo in orario d'ufficio, certificates can (o may) only be collected during office hours; non puoi dire questo!, you can't (o you mustn't) say that!; non può che essere un errore, it must be a mistake; non può non rendersi conto che..., he must realise that...; non posso fare a meno di ammettere che..., I must (o have to) admit that... ∙ Come si nota dagli esempi, in questo significato l'uso di may, might è più formale di can, could; in espressioni negative con valore enfatico viene spesso usato must

3 ( per esprimere eventualità) may, might; can, could; ( probabilità) to be* likely; to be* possible: posso, potrei sbagliarmi, I may, could (o might) be wrong; potresti aver ragione, you may (o could) be right; potrebbe arrivare domani, ma ne dubito, he might (o could) arrive tomorrow, but I doubt it; tutti possono sbagliare, anyone can make a mistake; potrei non giungere in tempo, I might not arrive in time; potrebbe esserci un errore, there might (o could) be a mistake; può essere utile sapere che..., it may help to know that...; può, potrebbe piovere, it may, might (o could) rain (o it's likely to rain); potevano essere circa le 3, it could (o might) have been about 3 o'clock; potrà sembrarti buffo, ma io la ritengo una cosa seria, you may (o might) think it's funny, but I think it's serious; ''Che cosa può essergli successo?'' ''Potrebbe aver perso il treno'', ''What can have happened to him?'' ''He may (o might) have missed the train''; cosa pensi che possa accadere?, what do you think is likely to (o might o could) happen?; chi potrebbe essere a quest'ora?, who could it be at this hour?; non è escluso che possa ancora vincere, he may (o might o could) still win // può essere, può darsi, maybe: ''Mi sembri di cattivo umore, oggi'' ''Può essere'', ''You look as if you're in a bad mood today'' ''Maybe''; ''Ti vedrò stasera?'' ''Può darsi'', ''Shall I see you this evening?'' ''Maybe'' // può darsi che, may (costr. pers.); maybe: può darsi che ti abbia scritto, maybe he has (o he may have) written to you; potrebbe darsi che avesse perso l'indirizzo, maybe he had (o he may have) lost the address; poteva darsi che non avesse capito, maybe he hadn't understood (o he may not have understood)

4 (al cong., per esprimere augurio o forte desiderio) may, might; could: ( che) possiate essere felici!, may you be happy!; possa egli vivere cent'anni!, may he live a hundred years!; potessimo stare un po' tranquilli!, if only we might have a bit of peace!; ( magari) potessi aiutarlo!, if only I could help him!

5 (al cond., per esprimere consiglio o esortazione) might, could: potresti almeno rispondere quando ti parlo!, you could (o might) at least answer when I speak to you!; avrebbe potuto per lo meno ringraziare!, he might (o could) at least have said thank you; potrebbero essere più gentili!, they might (o could) be more polite!; non era una prova facile, ma avresti potuto almeno tentare!, it wasn't an easy test, but you could (o might) at least have tried!

◆ v.tr. (avere potere, forza, influenza) to have an influence, to have an effect (on): l'esempio di un padre può molto sui figli, a father's example has a great influence on his children; le mie parole hanno potuto assai poco, my words had little effect // è uno che può, ( che ha denaro) he is a man of means; ( che ha potere) he's got a lot of pull.

◆ FRASEOLOGIA: a più non posso, all out: stava lavorando a più non posso, he was working all out // non ne posso più, ( sono sfinito) I'm exhausted, ( sono al limite della sopportazione) I'm at the end of my tether (o I can't take any more); non ne posso più di quell'uomo, I can't put up with that man any longer (o I've had enough of that man) // volere è potere, where there's a will there's a way // si salvi chi può, every man for himself // non posso fare a meno di pensare che..., I can't help thinking that... // non posso fare a meno di lui, I can't do without him; ( mi è indispensabile nel lavoro) I can't spare him // non posso farci niente, I can't help it (o I can't do anything about it) // non possiamo permetterci quel viaggio, we can't afford that trip // portane più che puoi, bring as much (o as many) as you can; vieni più in fretta che puoi, come as fast as you can; vieni più presto che puoi, come as soon as you can.

potere s.m.

1 power (anche fig.): potere assoluto, absolute power: avere potere assoluto su un popolo, to hold complete sway over a people; potere esecutivo, legislativo, executive, legislative power; potere centrale, periferico, central, local authority; la divisione del potere in uno stato democratico, the division of power in a democratic state; conflitto di potere tra l'autorità giudiziaria e quella politica, power struggle between the courts and the political authorities; i poteri governativi, governmental powers; il potere temporale del Papa, the temporal power of the Pope; abuso di potere, abuse of power; sete di potere, thirst for power; non ho il potere di decidere su questo punto, I have no power to decide on this point; ho il potere di scegliere ciò che voglio, I have the power to choose what I want; non ho potere su di loro, I have no power over them; avere poteri magici, to have magic powers // al potere, in power: i militari sono al potere, the military are in power; rimanere al potere, to remain in power; si impadronì del potere con un colpo di stato, he came into power through a coup d'état; la sua ascesa al potere fu rapida, his rise to power was rapid; salì al potere nel 1731, he rose to power in 1731; perse il potere nel 1930, he lost power in 1930 // in mio, tuo potere, in my, your power: cadde in suo potere, he fell into his power (o into his hands); la città è caduta in potere del nemico, the city fell into enemy hands; potere decisionale, decision-making power // potere operaio, workers' power // Quarto Potere, ( la stampa) Fourth Estate // Quinto Potere, ( la radio e la televisione) the broadcasting media (o the networks) // (econ.): potere contrattuale, bargaining power; potere di spesa, spending power; potere d'acquisto, purchasing (o buying) power; potere monopolistico, monopoly power; potere economico, economic power; potere di contrarre debiti, borrowing power // (fin.): potere finanziario, financial power; potere liberatorio, ( della moneta) debt-paying power

2 (spec. pl.) ( potestà, diritti) powers: i poteri di un ministro, the powers of a minister: dare, conferire a qlcu. il potere di fare qlco., to give s.o. the authority (o the power) to do sthg.; vorrei definire i miei poteri, I should like to define my powers // pieni poteri, full powers; ambasciatore con pieni poteri, (ambassador) plenipotentiary; agire con, avere pieni poteri, to act, to be invested with full powers; nell'azienda gode di pieni poteri, he has full control over the company; dare, conferire pieni poteri, to grant full powers: dare, conferire pieni poteri a qlcu. di fare qlco., to empower s.o. to do sthg.

3 ( possibilità) power, possibility; ( capacità) power, capacity: non ha il potere di agire in altro modo, he isn't able to act in any other way

4 (fis.) power: potere assorbente, dispersivo, absorbent, dispersive power; potere calorifico, heating power; potere emissivo, emittance; potere rotatorio, rotatory power

5 ( influenza) influence, sway: ha un grande potere su di me, he has great influence over me; le tue parole non hanno potere su di me, what you say has no effect on me (o form. your words have no power over me).

* * *
I [po'tere] sm
(gen) power

una lotta per il potere — a power struggle

avere il potere di fare qc — (capacità) to have the power o ability to do sth, (autorità) to have the authority o power to do sth

ha il potere di rovinare sempre tutto — he always manages to ruin everything

il quarto potere — (stampa) the fourth estate

non ho nessun potere su di lui — I have no power o influence over him

essere al potere Pol — to be in power o in office

- potere d'acquisto

- potere esecutivo
II [po'tere]
1. vb irreg aus nei tempi composti prende l'ausiliare del verbo che accompagna

1) (possibilità, capacità) can, (sogg : persona) can, to be able to

non posso venire — I can't come

non è potuto venire — he couldn't come, he was unable to come

potresti aprire la finestra? — could you open the window?

non potrò venire domani — I won't be able to come tomorrow

dovresti potercela fare da solo — you should be able to do it by yourself

non potrà mai farlo da solo — he'll never be able to do it alone

non ho potuto farlo — I couldn't o wasn't able o was unable to do it

come hai potuto fare una cosa simile? — how could you do a thing like that?

a più non posso — (correre) as fast as one can, (urlare) as loud as one can

2) (permesso) can, may

posso? — may I?

posso entrare? — can o may I come in?

potrei parlarti? — could I have a word with you?

si può sapere dove sei stato? — where on earth have you been?

si può visitare il castello tutti i giorni dell'anno — you can visit the castle any day of the year

3)

(eventualità) può anche esser vero — it may o might o could even be true

può aver avuto un incidente — he may have had an accident

può darsi che non venga — he may not o might not come

può essere che non voglia — he may not o might not want to

può accadere di tutto — anything can happen

potrebbe avere trent'anni — he must be about thirty

si può fare — it can be done

può darsi — perhaps

pensi di andarci? - può darsi — do you think you'll go? - perhaps

4)

(augurio) potessimo trovare un po' di pace! — if only we could get a little peace!

5)

(rimprovero) potresti almeno ringraziare! — you could o might at least say thank you!

avresti potuto dirmelo! — you could o might have told me!

2. vt irreg

puoi molto per me — you can do a lot for me

non ha potuto niente — he could do nothing

non ne posso più! — I can't take any more!

* * *
I [po'tere]
verbo modale (the use of the auxiliary essere or avere in compound tenses depends on the verb in the infinitive that follows)

1) (riuscire, essere in grado di) can, to be* able to

puoi sollevare questa scatola? — can you lift this box?

non potrà venire — he won't be able to come

non appena potrò — as soon as I can

se potrò permettermelo, comprerò una macchina — if I can afford it, I'll buy a car

potevo appena respirare — I could hardly breathe

potrebbe fare (di) meglio — he could do better

avrebbe potuto farlo — she could have done it

non posso farci niente — there's nothing I can do about that

faccio quello che posso — I'm doing my best

per quel che posso — insofar as I can

non ne posso più — I've had it

non ne posso più di tutta questa storia — I'm fed up with the whole business

2) (per esprimere possibilità) can, may; (più remota) could, might; (per esprimere probabilità, opportunità) may, to be* likely; (più remota) might

chiunque può iscriversi — anyone can enrol

non puoi averlo dimenticato! — you can't have forgotten!

potrebbe essere Andy — it may be Andy; (meno probabile) it might be Andy

può essere stato Jim — it may have been Jim

potrebbe essere che... — it could be that...

potrei sbagliarmi — I could be wrong

potrebbe capitare che io parta — I could o might leave

puoi sempre cambiarlo — you can always change it

potevano essere state le sei — it was probably about six o'clock

non può non vincere — he's bound to win

può darsi — maybe, perhaps, possibly

può darsi che sia così, ma... — that's as may be, but...

può darsi che i prezzi aumentino — prices may o might rise

"vieni?" - "può darsi" — "will you come" - "I might"

3) (per esprimere permesso, autorizzazione) can, to be* allowed to, may form.

posso entrare? — may I come in?

posso usare la tua auto? — can I use your car?

gli studenti non possono uscire dall'edificio senza autorizzazione — pupils can't o may not leave o are not allowed to leave the school without permission

si può fumare qui? — is smoking allowed here?

4) (nelle richieste) can; (più cortese) would, could

puoi farmi un favore? — can you do me a favour?

potrei parlare con John? — could I speak to John?

potreste fare silenzio, per favore? — would you please be quiet?

5) (nelle offerte) can

posso darti una mano? — can I give you a hand?

che cosa posso fare per lei? — what can I do for you?

6) (per suggerire, dare un consiglio) can, could

potremmo andare al cinema stasera — we could go to the cinema tonight

puoi comprargli una camicia — you can buy him a shirt

7) (essere nella condizione, posizione di) can

non si può certo biasimarla — one can hardily blame her

non può non o che accettare he has no option but to accept; (per esprimere rimprovero) come hai potuto! how could you! avrebbero potuto o potevano avvertirci they could have warned us; non potevi dirmelo subito? why couldn't you have told me that right away? why didn't you tell me that right away? (per esprimere sorpresa) che può mai volere da me? — what can she possibly want from me?

8) (in espressioni ellittiche)

una persona che può — (che ha denaro) a person of means; (che ha potere) a very influential person

lui può — iron. he's got a lot of pull

9) (in espressioni di augurio)

possa la vostra vita essere felice — may you live happily

10) a più non posso [ correre] as fast as one can; [ lavorare] as hard as one can, flat out; [ mangiare] as much as one can; [ gridare] at the top of one's voice

••

volere è potere — prov. where there's a will, there's a way
II [po'tere]
sostantivo maschile

1) (capacità) ability, capability, power

avere il potere di fare — to be able to do

-i magici, soprannaturali — magic, supernatural powers

2) (influenza, autorità) power (su over)

la tiene in suo potere — he's got her in his power

esercitare un potere su qcn. — to hold sway over sb.

non avere nessun potere su qcn. — to have no power o influence over sb.

non ho il potere di prendere una decisione simile — I'm not the one who decides

3) pol. power

potere assoluto — absolute power

gioco di potere — power game

essere al potere — to be in power

prendere o assumere il potere to take power; rimanere al potere to stay in power; dare pieni -i a qcn. to give sb. full powers; avere pieni -i to have all powers; il quarto potere the fourth estate; il quinto potere — = the broadcasting media

•

potere d'acquisto — purchasing o spending power

potere esecutivo — executive power

potere giudiziario — judiciary

potere legislativo — legislative power

- i straordinari — emergency power

* * *

potere²

/po'tere/

sostantivo m.

1 (capacità) ability, capability, power; avere il potere di fare to be able to do; -i magici, soprannaturali magic, supernatural powers

2 (influenza, autorità) power (su over); la tiene in suo potere he's got her in his power; esercitare un potere su qcn. to hold sway over sb.; non avere nessun potere su qcn. to have no power o influence over sb.; non ho il potere di prendere una decisione simile I'm not the one who decides

3 pol. power; potere assoluto absolute power; gioco di potere power game; essere al potere to be in power; prendere o assumere il potere to take power; rimanere al potere to stay in power; dare pieni -i a qcn. to give sb. full powers; avere pieni -i to have all powers; il quarto potere the fourth estate; il quinto potere = the broadcasting media

COMPOUNDS

potere d'acquisto purchasing o spending power; potere esecutivo executive power; potere giudiziario judiciary; potere legislativo legislative power; - i straordinari emergency power.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > potere

9 schon

Adv.

1. mit Zeitangaben: already; schon damals even then; schon früher before; (vor langer Zeit) a long time ago; schon immer always, all along; schon oft often (enough); schon wieder again; schon wieder! not again!; schon nach fünf Minuten after only five minutes; nach fünf Minuten war er schon fort etc. five minutes later he’d already gone etc.; schon von Anfang an right from the start, from the word go umg.; es ist schon 12 Uhr it’s twelve o’clock already; schon am nächsten Tag the very next day; schon um 6 Uhr waren sie auf they were already up at 6 o’clock; schon im 16. Jahrhundert as early ( oder as far back) as the 16th century; schon im 16. Jahrhundert gab es die Krankheit the disease was already around in the 16th century; das ist schon lange her that was long ago ( oder way back); das war schon vor zwanzig Jahren that was twenty (whole) years ago; wie lange sind Sie schon hier? how long have you been here?

2. (bereits) already; (schon einmal, zuvor) before; (bis jetzt) so far; in Fragen: yet; (jemals) ever; ich habe schon eins umg. I’ve already got one; hast du schon einmal...? have you ever...?; sind Sie schon ( einmal) in Spanien gewesen? have you ever been to Spain?; ich war schon ein paar Mal / oft dort I’ve been there a couple of times / frequently; kennen Sie schon Herrn X? have you met Mr ( oder Mr.) X?, do you know Mr ( oder Mr.) X?; wir kennen uns schon we’ve met, we do know one another; ich habe ihn schon ( einmal) gesehen I’ve seen him before somewhere; danke, ich habe schon zu trinken etc.: no thanks, I’m fine; da ist er ja schon wieder he’s (iro. look who’s) back again; das kenne ich schon I know that, I’ve seen that before; bei Entschuldigungen: I’ve heard that one before; das kennen wir schon we know all about that, that’s an old one; ich habe schon bessere Weine getrunken I’ve tasted better wines in my time; hast du schon gehört? have you heard?; hast du schon mit ihm gesprochen? have you talked to him yet?; ist er schon da? has he come yet?, is he here yet?; (früher als erwartet) is he here already?; was, ( du bist) schon zurück? what, back already?; werden Sie schon bedient? are you being served?; ich bekomme schon it’s OK, I’m being looked after; er wollte schon gehen he was about ( oder all set) to go; warum willst du schon gehen? why are you leaving so early?

3. zur Betonung (sogar, selbst) even; schon ein Milligramm des Gifts kann tödlich sein just ( oder even) one milligram(me) of the poison can kill you; ein Anruf hätte schon genügt (just) a phone call would have been enough; schon ein Unentschieden wäre ein Erfolg even a draw would be a success; schon für 10 Euro for only 10 euros; Herrenhemden schon ab 5 Euro men’s shirts from as little as 5 euros; ich komme (ja) schon! (I’m) coming!; da sind wir (ja) schon! here we are; schon war ich sauer umg. I was getting really annoyed; was gibt es denn ( nun) schon wieder? what is it now ( oder this time)?; ich verstehe schon I see

4. (allein) schon seine Stimme just to hear his voice, his voice alone; schon der Name the mere (mention of the oder his etc.) name, just to hear the ( oder his etc.) name; schon der Anblick just to see it; schon der Gedanke the very idea, the mere thought (of it); schon deswegen if only for that (reason); schon wegen if only because of; der Kinder etc.: if only for the sake of; schon weil if only because; schon sie zu sehen (even) just to see her

5. versichernd, verstärkend: sie wird’s schon schaffen she’ll make it all right; beruhigend: auch don’t worry, she’ll make it; er kommt schon noch he’ll come eventually; die Zinsen steigen schon noch the interest rates are bound to go up; the interest rates will go up, you’ll see; ich mach’s schon leave it to me; es wird schon gehen it’ll be all right, I’ll etc. manage (somehow); das ist schon möglich that could be; betonter: that’s quite possible; das lässt sich schon machen mit Vorbehalt: we etc. might be able to do that, it’s doable; (es ist kein Problem) that’s no problem, no problem umg.; wir können schon mit ihm reden (sind bereit) we don’t mind talking to him; ich kann mir schon denken, was... I can (just) imagine what...; er ist schon eingebildet he’s certainly bigheaded; das war schon Glückssache that really was a stroke of luck; das ist schon eine große Frechheit! that really is a bit much; schon gut! it’s all right, never mind; (das reicht) that’ll do

6. umg., auffordernd, ermunternd: mach schon! get a move on, will you?; komm schon! come on, then; geh schon! go on, then; nun sag schon, wie’s war come on, tell us ( oder me) what it was like; gib’s schon zu! come on, admit it!

7. einräumend oder bedingend: schon, aber... yes, but...; ich verstehe / möchte schon, aber... I can see that / I’d like to, but...; ich kenne sie schon, aber... I do know her, but...; sie müsste sich schon etwas mehr anstrengen she’d have to make more of an effort, of course; das ist schon wahr, aber... that’s (certainly) ( oder may be) true, but...; wenn du schon ( mal) da bist since you’re here

8. (ohnehin) es ist so schon teuer genug it’s expensive enough as it is; schon gar nicht least of all; morgen schon gar nicht least of all tomorrow

9. umg., rhetorisch: na wenn schon! so what; iro. so?; was macht das schon? what does it matter?; was heißt das schon? so?, that doesn’t mean a thing; wem nützt das schon? who is that supposed to help?; wer braucht / kauft so was schon? who on earth needs / buys something like that?; was verstehst du schon davon? what do you know about it?; wer könnte da schon nein sagen? who could possibly say no (to that)?; wer ist da? - na, wer schon? who’s there? - who do you think?

10. umg.: wenn schon, denn schon (wenn man sich auf etw. einlässt) in for a penny (Am. dime), in for a pound (Am. dollar); (wenn man etw. unternimmt) anything worth doing, is worth doing well

* * *

ever; already; yet; by now

* * *
[ʃøːn]
1. adj

1) (= hübsch anzusehen) beautiful, lovely; Mann handsome

das Schöne — beauty

na, schö́nes Kind (inf) — well then, beautiful (inf)

See:

→ Auge

2) (= nett, angenehm) good; Erlebnis, Stimme, Musik, Wetter good, lovely; Gelegenheit great, splendid

die schö́nen Künste — the fine arts

die schö́ne Literatur — belles-lettres sing

das ist ein schö́ner Tod — that's a good way to die

eines schö́nen Tages — one fine day

(wieder) in schö́nster Ordnung (nach Krach etc) — back to normal (again)

in schö́nster Eintracht or Harmonie — in perfect harmony

das Schöne beim Skilaufen ist... — the nice thing about skiing is...

das Schönste daran ist... — the beauty of it is..., the nicest or best thing about it is...

schö́ne Ferien!, schö́nen Urlaub! — have a good or nice holiday (esp Brit) or vacation (US)

schö́nes Wochenende — have a good or nice weekend

schö́nen guten Tag — a very good morning/afternoon/evening to you

war es schö́n im Urlaub? — did you have a nice or good holiday (esp Brit) or vacation (US)?

war es schö́n bei Tante Veronika? — did you have a nice or good time at Aunt Veronika's?

schö́n, dass du gekommen bist — nice of you to come

es ist schö́n, dass du wieder da bist — it's good to have you back

schö́ner, heißer Kaffee — nice hot coffee

ein schö́ner frischer Wind — a nice fresh wind

3) (iro) Unordnung fine, nice, lovely; Überraschung, Wetter lovely; Unsinn, Frechheit absolute

da hast du etwas Schönes angerichtet — you've made a fine or nice or lovely mess

du bist mir ein schö́ner Freund/Vater/Held etc — a fine friend/father/hero etc you are, you're some friend/father/hero etc

du machst or das sind mir ja schö́ne Sachen or Geschichten — here's or this is a pretty state of things, here's a pretty kettle of fish (inf)

von dir hört man schö́ne Sachen or Geschichten — I've been hearing some nice or fine things about you

das wäre ja noch schö́ner (inf) — that's (just) too much!

es wird immer schö́ner (inf) — things are going from bad to worse

See:

→ Bescherung

4) (inf = gut) nice

das war nicht schö́n von dir (inf) — that wasn't very nice of you

zu schö́n, um wahr zu sein (inf) — too good to be true

schö́n, schö́n, (also) schö́n, sehr schö́n, na schö́n — fine, okay, all right

schö́n und gut, aber... — (that's) all well and good but..., that's all very well but...

5) (= beträchtlich, groß) Erfolg great; Strecke, Stück Arbeit, Alter good

ein schö́nes Stück weiterkommen — to make good progress

eine ganz schö́ne Leistung — quite an achievement

eine ganz schö́ne Arbeit — quite a lot of work

eine ganz schö́ne Menge — quite a lot

das hat eine schö́ne Stange Geld gekostet (inf) — that cost a pretty penny

2. adv

1)

(= hübsch) sich schö́n anziehen — to get dressed up

schö́n machen (Kind) — to dress up; (Wohnung, Straßen) to decorate

sich schö́n machen — to get dressed up, to dress (oneself) up

2) (bei Verben) (= gut) well; sich waschen, verarbeiten lassen easily; scheinen brightly; schreiben beautifully; (= richtig, genau) ansehen, durchlesen etc carefully

es schö́n haben — to be well off; (im Urlaub etc) to have a good time (of it)

etw am schö́nsten machen — to do sth best

See:

→ danke, bitte

3)

(= angenehm) schö́n weich/warm/stark etc — nice and soft/warm/strong etc

4)

(bei Wünschen) schlaf schö́n — sleep well

amüsiere dich schö́n — have a nice or good time

erhole dich schö́n — have a good rest

See:

→ grüßen

5) (inf = brav, lieb) nicely

iss mal schö́n deinen Teller leer — eat it all up nicely (now), be a good girl/boy and eat it all up

sag schö́n "Guten Tag" — say "hello" nicely

sei schö́n still/ordentlich etc (als Aufforderung) — be nice and quiet/tidy etc

sei schö́n brav — be a good boy/girl

fahr schö́n langsam — drive nice and slowly

See:

→ bleiben lassen

6) (inf = sehr, ziemlich) really

schö́n wehtun — to hurt oneself a lot

sich schö́n täuschen — to make a big mistake

sich schö́n ärgern — to be very angry

jdn schö́n erschrecken — to give sb quite a or a real fright

ganz schö́n teuer/kalt — pretty expensive/cold

(ganz) schö́n weit weg — a long or good way off, quite a distance away

ganz schö́n lange — quite a while

(ganz) schö́n viel Geld kosten — to cost a pretty penny

* * *

1) (before a particular time; previously: I had already gone when Tom arrived; I don't want that book - I've read it already.) already

2) (before the expected time: Are you leaving already?; He hasn't gone already, has he?) already

3) yet

* * *

schon

[ʃo:n]

I. adv

1. (jetzt)

sind wir \schon da? are we there yet?

hast du \schon gehört? have you heard?

sie kommen \schon heute they're coming today

du willst \schon gehen? you want to leave now [or already]?

nach fünf Minuten war ich \schon fertig I was finished after only five minutes, I was already finished after five minutes

\schon bald darauf very soon after

▪ es ist \schon...:

es ist \schon spät it is already late [or late already

2. (danach)

nur eine Minute, und \schon bin ich weg just one minute, and then I'm gone

kaum leg ich mich hin, \schon klingelt das Telefon wieder I hardly have time to lie down before the telephone rings yet again form

kaum verließ sie das Zimmer, \schon rauchte er she had hardly left the room when he lit up

3. (vorab)

ihr könnt [ja] \schon [mal] anfangen you can start now

4. (wirklich)

was, \schon 5 Uhr? what, 5 o'clock already?

er wiegt \schon 200 kg! he now weighs 200 kg!

eine kleine Menge kann \schon Wunder wirken just [or even] a small amount can work wonders

\schon ein Teilerfolg würde sich lohnen even a partial success would be worth it

CD-Rohlinge gibt es \schon für ein paar Cent blank CDs can be had for as little as a few cents

\schon 8-Jährige surfen im Internet children as young as eight are surfing the internet

5. (früher)

\schon in den Siebzigern gab es Mikrocomputer there were microcomputers as early as [or back in] the seventies

\schon Ovid schrieb darüber/über diese Idee that/that idea is as old as Ovid

\schon als Kind wollte ich Schauspieler werden since I was a child I've always wanted to be an actor

\schon damals/gestern/jetzt even at that time/even yesterday/even now

\schon früh early on

\schon immer always

sie war \schon immer schwierig she always was difficult

ich sagte es ja \schon immer I've always said so

\schon seit Jahren for years [now]

\schon lange/länger for a long time [now]

\schon längst (die ganze Zeit) for ages; (vor langer Zeit) ages ago

\schon oft several times [already]

6. (inzwischen)

das kenn ich \schon I know that already

ich wollte vorher \schon fragen I wanted to ask anyway

\schon [ein]mal ever

hast du \schon mal Austern gegessen? have you ever eaten oysters?

wie \schon gesagt as was/has been said already [or beforehand]

wie \schon so oft as was/has been often the case [before]

7. (allein)

warum sich beklagen? es geht uns \schon so schlecht why complain? we're badly off as it is

\schon darum/deshalb/aus dem Grunde for that reason alone

\schon die Tatsache, dass... the fact alone that..., the very fact that...

\schon Grund genug sein to be already reason enough; s.a. allein

II. part

1. (wirklich)

das ist \schon eine Schande! that really is a disgrace!

es ist \schon wahr it's true all right

ich sehe \schon,... I can see,...

ich kann mir \schon denken, was du willst I can well imagine what you want

das will \schon was heißen those are promising words

du wirst \schon sehen! you'll see!

es ist \schon angenehm, nichts zu tun it really is pleasant doing nothing

das will ich nicht, und \schon gar nicht von dir I don't want it, and especially not from you

\schon wieder [once] again

nicht das/sie \schon wieder! not that/her again!

2. (fam: endlich)

jetzt komm \schon! hurry up!

hör \schon auf damit! will you stop that!

sag doch \schon! out with it!

geh \schon! go on!

gib \schon her! come on, give it here!

mach \schon! hurry up!

3. (aber)

wenn du \schon nicht bleibst, [dann] iss eine Kleinigkeit if you really can't stay, then have a bite to eat

wenn ich euch \schon fahre, dann [aber] vor Mitternacht if I do drive you, then before midnight

4. (irgendwie) all right

danke, es geht \schon thanks, I can manage

es wird \schon klappen it will work out all right

5. (irgendwann) in the end, one day

es wird \schon noch [mal] klappen it will work out in the end [or one day

6. (eigentlich)

ich glaube \schon I think so

so was kann \schon mal vorkommen such things can happen

Lust hätte ich \schon, nur keine Zeit I do feel like it, I simply don't have time

das stimmt \schon that's true enough

das ist \schon möglich/wahr that's possible/true, I suppose

\schon möglich, aber [o doch] [o nur] nicht sehr wahrscheinlich that's possible, but not very probable

[ja] \schon[, aber...] [well] yes [or sure] [, but...]

findest du sie attraktiv? — ja, \schon do you think she's attractive? — yes, she's okay

\schon gut! okay! fam

und [o na] wenn \schon! (fam) so what? fam

7. (andererseits)

wir durften nicht draußen spielen, die anderen [aber] \schon we weren't allowed to play outside, but the others were

auf dieser Straße kommen Sie nicht nach Köln, auf der \schon you won't get to Cologne on this road, but on that one

8. (usu pej: ausgerechnet)

was ist \schon Reichtum? what's wealth of all things?

was hast du \schon zu sagen? what have you of all people got to say?

was sind \schon zehn Jahre? what do ten years matter?

was macht das \schon? what does it matter?

was nützt das \schon? what possible use is that?

wen interessiert das \schon? who's possibly interested?

9. (nur)

wenn ich das \schon rieche/sehe! the mere smell/sight of that!

wenn ich das \schon höre! just hearing about it!; s.a. ja, möglich

10. DIAL (noch)

wie war \schon Ihr Name? what was your name again?

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) (bereits) (oft nicht übersetzt) already; (in Fragen) yet

er kommt schon heute/ist schon gestern gekommen — he's coming today/he came yesterday

er ist schon da/[an]gekommen — he is already here/has already arrived

er ist schon gestern angekommen — he arrived as early as yesterday

wie lange bist du schon hier? — how long have you been here?

schon damals/jetzt — even at that time or in those days/even now

schon [im Jahre] 1926 — as early as 1926; back in 1926

2) (fast gleichzeitig) there and then

er schwang sich auf das Fahrrad, und schon war er weg — he jumped on the bicycle and was away [in a flash]

3) (jetzt)

schon [mal] — now; (inzwischen) meanwhile

4) (selbst, sogar) even; (nur) only

das bekommt man schon für 90 Euro — you can get it for as little as 90 euros

5) (ohne Ergänzung, ohne weiteren Zusatz) on its own

[allein] schon der Gedanke daran ist schrecklich — the mere thought or just the thought of it is dreadful

schon der Name ist bezeichnend — the very name is significant

schon darum od. aus diesem Grund — for this reason alone
2.
Partikel

1) (verstärkend) really; (gewiss) certainly

du wirst schon sehen! — you'll see!

2) (ugs. ungeduldig): (endlich)

nun komm schon! — come on!; hurry up!

und wenn schon! — so what; what if he/she/it does/did/was etc.

3) (beruhigend): (wahrscheinlich) all right

er wird sich schon wieder erholen — he'll recover all right; he's sure to recover

4) (zustimmend, aber etwas einschränkend)

schon gut — OK (coll.)

Lust hätte ich schon, nur keine Zeit — I'd certainly like to, but I've no time

das ist schon möglich, nur... — that is quite possible, only...

5) (betont): (andererseits)

er ist nicht besonders intelligent, aber sein Bruder schon — he's not particularly intelligent, but his brother is

6) (einschränkend, abwertend)

was weiß der schon! — what does 'he know [about it]!

was soll das schon heißen? — what's 'that supposed to mean?

* * *

schon adv

1. mit Zeitangaben: already;

schon damals even then;

schon früher before; (vor langer Zeit) a long time ago;

schon immer always, all along;

schon oft often (enough);

schon wieder again;

schon wieder! not again!;

schon nach fünf Minuten after only five minutes;

nach fünf Minuten war er schon fort etc five minutes later he’d already gone etc;

schon von Anfang an right from the start, from the word go umg;

es ist schon 12 Uhr it’s twelve o’clock already;

schon am nächsten Tag the very next day;

schon um 6 Uhr waren sie auf they were already up at 6 o’clock;

schon im 16. Jahrhundert as early ( oder as far back) as the 16th century;

schon im 16. Jahrhundert gab es die Krankheit the disease was already around in the 16th century;

das ist schon lange her that was long ago ( oder way back);

das war schon vor zwanzig Jahren that was twenty (whole) years ago;

wie lange sind Sie schon hier? how long have you been here?

2. (bereits) already; (schon einmal, zuvor) before; (bis jetzt) so far; in Fragen: yet; (jemals) ever;

ich habe schon eins umg I’ve already got one;

hast du schon einmal …? have you ever …?;

sind Sie schon (einmal) in Spanien gewesen? have you ever been to Spain?;

ich war schon ein paar Mal/oft dort I’ve been there a couple of times/frequently;

kennen Sie schon Herrn X? have you met Mr ( oder Mr.) X?, do you know Mr ( oder Mr.) X?;

wir kennen uns schon we’ve met, we do know one another;

ich habe ihn schon (einmal) gesehen I’ve seen him before somewhere;

danke, ich habe schon zu trinken etc: no thanks, I’m fine;

da ist er ja schon wieder he’s (iron look who’s) back again;

das kenne ich schon I know that, I’ve seen that before; bei Entschuldigungen: I’ve heard that one before;

das kennen wir schon we know all about that, that’s an old one;

ich habe schon bessere Weine getrunken I’ve tasted better wines in my time;

hast du schon gehört? have you heard?;

hast du schon mit ihm gesprochen? have you talked to him yet?;

ist er schon da? has he come yet?, is he here yet?; (früher als erwartet) is he here already?;

was, (du bist) schon zurück? what, back already?;

werden Sie schon bedient? are you being served?;

ich bekomme schon it’s OK, I’m being looked after;

er wollte schon gehen he was about ( oder all set) to go;

warum willst du schon gehen? why are you leaving so early?

3. zur Betonung (sogar, selbst) even;

schon ein Milligramm des Gifts kann tödlich sein just ( oder even) one milligram(me) of the poison can kill you;

ein Anruf hätte schon genügt (just) a phone call would have been enough;

schon ein Unentschieden wäre ein Erfolg even a draw would be a success;

schon für 10 Euro for only 10 euros;

Herrenhemden schon ab 5 Euro men’s shirts from as little as 5 euros;

ich komme (ja) schon! (I’m) coming!;

da sind wir (ja) schon! here we are;

schon war ich sauer umg I was getting really annoyed;

was gibt es denn (nun) schon wieder? what is it now ( oder this time)?;

ich verstehe schon I see

4. (allein)

schon seine Stimme just to hear his voice, his voice alone;

schon der Name the mere (mention of the oder his etc) name, just to hear the ( oder his etc) name;

schon der Anblick just to see it;

schon der Gedanke the very idea, the mere thought (of it);

schon deswegen if only for that (reason);

schon wegen if only because of; der Kinder etc: if only for the sake of;

schon weil if only because;

schon sie zu sehen (even) just to see her

5. versichernd, verstärkend:

sie wird’s schon schaffen she’ll make it all right; beruhigend: auch don’t worry, she’ll make it;

er kommt schon noch he’ll come eventually;

die Zinsen steigen schon noch the interest rates are bound to go up; the interest rates will go up, you’ll see;

ich mach’s schon leave it to me;

es wird schon gehen it’ll be all right, I’ll etc manage (somehow);

das ist schon möglich that could be; betonter: that’s quite possible;

das lässt sich schon machen mit Vorbehalt: we etc might be able to do that, it’s doable; (es ist kein Problem) that’s no problem, no problem umg;

wir können schon mit ihm reden (sind bereit) we don’t mind talking to him;

ich kann mir schon denken, was … I can (just) imagine what …;

er ist schon eingebildet he’s certainly bigheaded;

das war schon Glückssache that really was a stroke of luck;

das ist schon eine große Frechheit! that really is a bit much;

schon gut! it’s all right, never mind; (das reicht) that’ll do

6. umg, auffordernd, ermunternd:

mach schon! get a move on, will you?;

komm schon! come on, then;

geh schon! go on, then;

nun sag schon, wie’s war come on, tell us ( oder me) what it was like;

gib’s schon zu! come on, admit it!

7. einräumend oder bedingend:

schon, aber … yes, but …;

ich verstehe/möchte schon, aber … I can see that/I’d like to, but …;

ich kenne sie schon, aber … I do know her, but …;

sie müsste sich schon etwas mehr anstrengen she’d have to make more of an effort, of course;

das ist schon wahr, aber … that’s (certainly) ( oder may be) true, but …;

wenn du schon (mal) da bist since you’re here

8. (ohnehin)

es ist so schon teuer genug it’s expensive enough as it is;

schon gar nicht least of all;

morgen schon gar nicht least of all tomorrow

9. umg, rhetorisch:

na wenn schon! so what; iron so?;

was macht das schon? what does it matter?;

was heißt das schon? so?, that doesn’t mean a thing;

wem nützt das schon? who is that supposed to help?;

wer braucht/kauft so was schon? who on earth needs/buys something like that?;

was verstehst du schon davon? what do you know about it?;

wer könnte da schon Nein sagen? who could possibly say no (to that)?;

wer ist da? - na, wer schon? who’s there? - who do you think?

10. umg:

wenn schon, denn schon (wenn man sich auf etwas einlässt) in for a penny (US dime), in for a pound (US dollar); (wenn man etwas unternimmt) anything worth doing, is worth doing well

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) (bereits) (oft nicht übersetzt) already; (in Fragen) yet

er kommt schon heute/ist schon gestern gekommen — he's coming today/he came yesterday

er ist schon da/[an]gekommen — he is already here/has already arrived

er ist schon gestern angekommen — he arrived as early as yesterday

wie lange bist du schon hier? — how long have you been here?

schon damals/jetzt — even at that time or in those days/even now

schon [im Jahre] 1926 — as early as 1926; back in 1926

2) (fast gleichzeitig) there and then

er schwang sich auf das Fahrrad, und schon war er weg — he jumped on the bicycle and was away [in a flash]

3) (jetzt)

schon [mal] — now; (inzwischen) meanwhile

4) (selbst, sogar) even; (nur) only

das bekommt man schon für 90 Euro — you can get it for as little as 90 euros

5) (ohne Ergänzung, ohne weiteren Zusatz) on its own

[allein] schon der Gedanke daran ist schrecklich — the mere thought or just the thought of it is dreadful

schon der Name ist bezeichnend — the very name is significant

schon darum od. aus diesem Grund — for this reason alone
2.
Partikel

1) (verstärkend) really; (gewiss) certainly

du wirst schon sehen! — you'll see!

2) (ugs. ungeduldig): (endlich)

nun komm schon! — come on!; hurry up!

und wenn schon! — so what; what if he/she/it does/did/was etc.

3) (beruhigend): (wahrscheinlich) all right

er wird sich schon wieder erholen — he'll recover all right; he's sure to recover

4) (zustimmend, aber etwas einschränkend)

schon gut — OK (coll.)

Lust hätte ich schon, nur keine Zeit — I'd certainly like to, but I've no time

das ist schon möglich, nur... — that is quite possible, only...

5) (betont): (andererseits)

er ist nicht besonders intelligent, aber sein Bruder schon — he's not particularly intelligent, but his brother is

6) (einschränkend, abwertend)

was weiß der schon! — what does 'he know [about it]!

was soll das schon heißen? — what's 'that supposed to mean?

* * *

adv.

already adv.

yet adv.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > schon

10 nur

I Adv.

1. only; (nichts als) nothing but; (bloß) just; (einfach) simply; das hat nur 5 Dollar gekostet it only cost 5 dollars; wir waren nur mehr fünf Dial. there were only five of us left; nur einmal just once; nur sie wusste es etc. only she ( oder she alone) knew etc.; nur sie wusste etc. auch she was the only one to know etc.; nur weil just because; nicht nur, sondern auch not only, but also; es ist nur, dass... it’s just that...; nur gut, dass... it’s a good thing that...; in nur zwei Jahren in just two (short) years, within two (short) years; nur aus Bosheit etc. out of sheer spite etc.; ohne auch nur zu lächeln without so much as a smile; warum hast du ihn gehauen? - nur so umg. I don’t know, because I felt like it; warum fragst du? - nur so umg. I was just wondering

2. (ausgenommen) except; nur, dass... except (that)..., apart from the fact that...

3. (irgend): so viel ich nur kann as much as I possibly can; so bald wie nur möglich as soon as you etc. possibly can; es muss so schnell wie nur möglich fertig werden it’s got to be finished in the quickest possible time

4. auffordernd: nur zu! go on!; umg. what are you waiting for?; nur nicht so schüchtern! go on, don’t be shy!; nur keine Umstände! please don’t go to any trouble!; verstärkt, auch drohend: na, warte nur! you just wait!; verkaufe es nur ja nicht don’t sell it whatever you do, just don’t sell it

5. dringender Wunsch: wenn er nur käme if only he would come; wenn du nur nicht so viel rauchen würdest if only you wouldn’t smoke so much; wäre ich nur zu Hause geblieben! if only I’d stayed at home

6. nachdrücklich oder verwundert fragend: wie kam er nur hierher? how on earth did he get here?; was will er damit nur sagen? I wonder what he means ( oder is driving at)?; warum ist sie nur gegangen? what on earth made her go?, why (on earth) did she go?; was habe ich nur getan? what (on earth) have I done?; wer kann es nur gewesen sein? who (on earth) oder whoever can it have been?; wie hat er es nur geschafft? how (on earth) did he manage that?; wo kann sie nur sein? where (on earth) can she be?; was hat sie nur? I wonder what’s up ( oder wrong) with her

7. Steigerung ausdrückend: das weißt du nur zu gut you know very ( oder perfectly) well; das ist nur zu wahr that’s only too true; er wurde nur noch frecher he just became cheekier; das macht alles nur noch schlimmer that just makes it all the worse

8. umg.: nur so verstärkend: meist like mad; der Wind hat nur so gepfiffen the wind was howling like mad; es hat nur so gescheppert there was an almighty crash; sie haben gearbeitet, dass es nur so gekracht hat they worked with a vengeance

II Konj.: nur habe ich vergessen... only I forgot...; er ist fleißig, nur müsste er sorgfältiger sein he works hard but he should take more care; ich komme gerne, nur weiß ich nicht wann I’d like to come but I just don’t know when I can make it

* * *

solely; only; merely; alone

* * *
[nuːɐ]
adv

1) (einschränkend) only, just

er ist ein sehr schneller Arbeiter, núr müsste er etwas gründlicher sein — he is a very fast worker but or only he should be rather more thorough

ich habe núr ein Stück Brot gegessen — I've only eaten a piece of bread, I've eaten only or just a piece of bread

alle, núr ich nicht — everyone except or but me

núr ich weiß — I'm the only one who knows, only I know

núr schade, dass... — it's just a pity that...

núr dass... — it's just that..., only...

núr noch zwei Minuten — only or just two minutes left or to go

der Kranke isst fast núr noch Obst — the sick man eats virtually nothing but fruit these days

nicht núr..., sondern auch — not only or just... but also

alles, núr das nicht! — anything but that!

warum möchtest du das denn wissen? – ach, núr so! — why do you want to know? – oh I just do or oh just because or oh no special reason

ich hab das núr so gesagt — I was just talking

warum hast du das gemacht? – núr so — why did you do that? – I just did

núr kann man nie wissen, ob... — only or but you never can or can never tell if...

2) (verstärkend) just

wie schnell er núr redet — doesn't he speak fast!

dass es núr so krachte — making a terrible din or racket

er fuhr, so schnell er núr (fahren) konnte — he drove just as fast as he possibly could, he drove for all he was worth

3) (mit Fragepronomen) -ever, on earth (inf)

was/wer/wie etc núr? — but what/who/how etc?

was hat er núr? — whatever is or what on earth (inf) is the matter with him?

wie kannst du núr (so etwas sagen)? — how could you (say such a thing)?

sie bekommt alles, was sie núr will — she gets whatever she wants

4)

(Wunsch, Bedingung) wenn er núr (erst) käme — if only he would come, if he would only come

wüsste ich núr, wie — if only I knew how, if I only knew how

es wird klappen, wenn er núr nicht die Nerven verliert — it will be all right as long as or so long as (inf) or provided (that) he doesn't lose his nerve

5) (mit Negationen) just,... whatever you do

lass das núr niemand(en) wissen! — just don't let anyone find out, (but) don't let anyone find out whatever you do

sagen Sie das núr nicht Ihrer Frau! — just don't tell your wife (whatever you do)

6) (Aufforderung) just

geh núr! — just go, go on

núr zu! — go on

sieh núr — just look

núr her damit! (inf) — let's have it

sagen Sie es núr, Sie brauchen es núr zu sagen — just say (the word), you only have to say (the word)

er soll núr lachen! — let him laugh

7)

núr mehr (dial, esp Aus) — only... left

ich habe núr mehr einen Euro — I've only one euro left

* * *

1) (only: He alone can remember.) alone

2) exclusively

3) (used for emphasis, eg with commands: Just look at that mess!; That just isn't true!; I just don't know what to do.) just

4) (only: None but the brave deserve our respect.) none but

5) (not more than: We have only two cups left; He lives only a mile away.) only

6) (alone: Only you can do it.) only

7) (showing the one action done, in contrast to other possibilities: I only scolded the child - I did not smack him.) only

8) (showing the one possible result of an action: If you do that, you'll only make him angry.) only

* * *

nur

[ˈnu:ɐ̯]

adv

1. vor Substantiven (nicht mehr als) only, just

ich habe \nur eine Stunde Zeit/fünf Euro I only have an hour/five euros

sie hat \nur einen einzigen Fehler gemacht she made just a single mistake

ich möchte dich \nur um eines bitten I'd ask just one thing of you

ich habe \nur ein kleines Stück Kuchen gegessen I've only eaten a small piece of cake, I've eaten only [or just] a small piece of cake

\nur noch [o bes ÖSTERR mehr] only

ich habe \nur noch einen Euro I've only one euro left

\nur noch drei Minuten only [or just] two minutes left [or to go]

ich esse fast \nur noch Obst I eat virtually nothing but fruit these days

es hätte \nur noch ein Wort gefehlt und ich wäre explodiert just one more word and I would have exploded

2. vor Substantiven, Pronomen (ausschließlich) only, just

\nur sie darf das only she is allowed to do that

alle kamen, \nur meine Schwester nicht they all came except my sister

\nur ich weiß das I'm the only one who knows, only I know

3. vor Adjektiven, Verben (bloß) only, just

da kann man doch \nur lachen! what a bloody laugh! fam

wie konnte ich das \nur vergessen! how on earth could I forget that!

er tat es \nur ungern he did it only reluctantly

das ist \nur recht und billig it is only right and proper

ich will dir doch \nur helfen! I only want to help you!

ich frage mich \nur, warum I just want to know why

sie macht das absichtlich, \nur um dich zu provozieren she does it deliberately, just to provoke you

\nur dass... it's just that...

\nur gut, dass... it's a good thing that...

nicht \nur, dass... it's not just that...

\nur schade, dass... it's just a pity that...

nicht \nur..., sondern auch... not only [or just]..., but also...

ich mache das nicht \nur wegen des Geldes, sondern auch, weil es mir Spaß macht I'm not doing it just for the money, but also because I enjoy it

\nur so just

ich schreibe Gedichte \nur so zum Spaß I write poems just for fun

warum fragst du? — ach, \nur so why do you ask? — oh, no particular reason

warum hast du das getan? — \nur so why did you do that? — I just did

ich habe das \nur so gesagt I was just talking

4. (ruhig) just

schlag \nur zu, wirst schon sehen, was du davon hast! go on, hit me, you'll soon see what you'll get out of it!

5. (verstärkend)

wie schnell sie \nur redet! doesn't she speak fast!

Max fuhr, so schnell er \nur konnte Max drove just as fast as he possibly could

mach \nur ja nicht mich für die Folgen verantwortlich! just don't, whatever you do, blame me for the consequences!

lass das \nur ja niemanden wissen! don't you [dare] tell anyone!, just don't let anyone find out!

sag das \nur nicht deiner Mutter! just don't tell your mother [whatever you do]!

\nur noch:

als ich ihn zur Rede stellte, wurde er \nur noch frecher when I took him to task he got even cheekier

\nur so:

gerade als ich aus dem Haus wollte, regnete es \nur so just as I wanted to go out it was really pouring down

dass es \nur so... + vb so much that it...

ich werde dir so eine scheuern, dass es \nur so staubt! I'm going to give you such a clout that it will raise the dust!

\nur zu:

das kenne ich \nur zu gut I know that only too well

das ist \nur zu wahr! it's only too true!

6. (einschränkend) but, the only thing is...

alles, \nur das nicht! anything but that!

du kannst gern[e] einen Whisky haben, \nur habe ich kein Eis you're welcome to have a whisky, the only thing is I don't have any ice

das Buch ist sehr gut, \nur, es ist wahrscheinlich zu schwer the book is very good, but [or though] it's probably too heavy-going

\nur kann man nie wissen, ob... but you never can tell if...

\nur dass... except that...

7. mit Fragepronomen -ever, on earth

warum/was/wer/wie... \nur? just [or but] why/what/who/how...?

was hat sie \nur? what on earth is the matter with her?

warum musstest du das \nur tun? just why did you have to do that?

was in aller Welt hast du dir \nur dabei gedacht? just what on earth did you think you were doing?

es schellt jemand an der Tür? wer kann das \nur sein? somebody's ringing the doorbell? who on earth can it be?

wie kannst du \nur [so etwas sagen]? how could you [say such a thing]?

8. (Bedingung, Wunsch)

▪ wenn... \nur... if only...

das Wetter ist schön, wenn es \nur so bliebe! the weather is glorious, if only it would stay like this!

wenn sie \nur käme! if only she would come!

wüsste ich \nur, wann/wie... if only I knew when/how..., if I only knew when/how...

9. (Aufforderung) just

geh \nur! just go!, go on!

sieh \nur! just look!

\nur her damit! give it here!

\nur Mut! cheer up

du brauchst es \nur zu sagen! you only have to say!

sie soll \nur lachen! let her laugh!

\nur zu! come on then!, go on!; s.a. nicht

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) (nicht mehr als) only; just

ich habe nur eine Stunde Zeit — I only have an hour

er hat nur einen einzigen Fehler gemacht — he made just a single mistake

das ist nur recht und billig — it is only right and proper

2) (ausschließlich) only

alle durften mitfahren, nur ich nicht — everyone was allowed to go, all except me

er tut das mit Absicht, nur um dich zu provozieren — he does it deliberately, just to provoke you

nicht nur..., sondern auch... — not only..., but also...

nicht nur, dass... — it's not just that...

ich male nur so zum Spaß — I paint just for fun

Warum fragst du? - Ach, nur so — Why do you ask? - Oh, no particular reason

nur dass... — except that...

das ist nur zu wahr! — it's only too true!
2.
Partikel

1) (in Wünschen)

wenn das nur gut geht! — let's [just] hope it goes well

wenn er nur käme/hier wäre — if only he would come/he were here

2) (ermunternd, tadelnd)

nur keine Hemmungen! — don't be inhibited!

nur zu! — go ahead

3) (warnend)

lass dich nur nicht erwischen — just don't let me/him/her/them catch you

nur Geduld/vorsichtig/langsam — just be patient/careful/take it easy

nur nicht! — don't, for goodness' sake!

4) (fragend) just

wie soll ich ihm das nur erklären? — just how am I supposed to explain it to him?

was sollen wir nur tun? — what on earth are we going to do?

was hat er nur? — whatever's the matter with him?

5) (verallgemeinernd) just

er lief, so schnell er nur konnte — he ran just as fast as he could

6) (sogar) only; just

7)

es wimmelte nur so von Insekten — it was just teeming with insects

er schlug auf den Tisch, dass es nur so krachte — he crashed his fist [down] on the table
3.
Konjunktion but

* * *

nur

A. adv

1. only; (nichts als) nothing but; (bloß) just; (einfach) simply;

das hat nur 5 Dollar gekostet it only cost 5 dollars;

wir waren nur mehr fünf dial there were only five of us left;

nur einmal just once;

nur sie wusste es etc only she ( oder she alone) knew etc;

nur sie wusste etc auch she was the only one to know etc;

nur weil just because;

nicht nur, sondern auch not only, but also;

es ist nur, dass … it’s just that …;

nur gut, dass … it’s a good thing that …;

in nur zwei Jahren in just two (short) years, within two (short) years;

nur aus Bosheit etc out of sheer spite etc;

ohne auch nur zu lächeln without so much as a smile;

warum hast du ihn gehauen? -

nur so umg I don’t know, because I felt like it;

warum fragst du? -

nur so umg I was just wondering

2. (ausgenommen) except;

nur, dass … except (that) …, apart from the fact that …

3. (irgend):

so viel ich nur kann as much as I possibly can;

so bald wie nur möglich as soon as you etc possibly can;

es muss so schnell wie nur möglich fertig werden it’s got to be finished in the quickest possible time

4. auffordernd:

nur zu! go on!; umg what are you waiting for?;

nur nicht so schüchtern! go on, don’t be shy!;

nur keine Umstände! please don’t go to any trouble!; verstärkt, auch drohend:

na, warte nur! you just wait!;

verkaufe es nur ja nicht don’t sell it whatever you do, just don’t sell it

5. dringender Wunsch:

wenn er nur käme if only he would come;

wenn du nur nicht so viel rauchen würdest if only you wouldn’t smoke so much;

wäre ich nur zu Hause geblieben! if only I’d stayed at home

6. nachdrücklich oder verwundert fragend:

wie kam er nur hierher? how on earth did he get here?;

was will er damit nur sagen? I wonder what he means ( oder is driving at)?;

warum ist sie nur gegangen? what on earth made her go?, why (on earth) did she go?;

was habe ich nur getan? what (on earth) have I done?;

wer kann es nur gewesen sein? who (on earth) oder whoever can it have been?;

wie hat er es nur geschafft? how (on earth) did he manage that?;

wo kann sie nur sein? where (on earth) can she be?;

was hat sie nur? I wonder what’s up ( oder wrong) with her

7. Steigerung ausdrückend:

das weißt du nur zu gut you know very ( oder perfectly) well;

das ist nur zu wahr that’s only too true;

er wurde nur noch frecher he just became cheekier;

das macht alles nur noch schlimmer that just makes it all the worse

8. umg:

nur so verstärkend: meist like mad;

der Wind hat nur so gepfiffen the wind was howling like mad;

es hat nur so gescheppert there was an almighty crash;

sie haben gearbeitet, dass es nur so gekracht hat they worked with a vengeance

B. konj:

nur habe ich vergessen … only I forgot …;

er ist fleißig, nur müsste er sorgfältiger sein he works hard but he should take more care;

ich komme gerne, nur weiß ich nicht wann I’d like to come but I just don’t know when I can make it

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) (nicht mehr als) only; just

ich habe nur eine Stunde Zeit — I only have an hour

er hat nur einen einzigen Fehler gemacht — he made just a single mistake

das ist nur recht und billig — it is only right and proper

2) (ausschließlich) only

alle durften mitfahren, nur ich nicht — everyone was allowed to go, all except me

er tut das mit Absicht, nur um dich zu provozieren — he does it deliberately, just to provoke you

nicht nur..., sondern auch... — not only..., but also...

nicht nur, dass... — it's not just that...

ich male nur so zum Spaß — I paint just for fun

Warum fragst du? - Ach, nur so — Why do you ask? - Oh, no particular reason

nur dass... — except that...

das ist nur zu wahr! — it's only too true!
2.
Partikel

1) (in Wünschen)

wenn das nur gut geht! — let's [just] hope it goes well

wenn er nur käme/hier wäre — if only he would come/he were here

2) (ermunternd, tadelnd)

nur keine Hemmungen! — don't be inhibited!

nur zu! — go ahead

3) (warnend)

lass dich nur nicht erwischen — just don't let me/him/her/them catch you

nur Geduld/vorsichtig/langsam — just be patient/careful/take it easy

nur nicht! — don't, for goodness' sake!

4) (fragend) just

wie soll ich ihm das nur erklären? — just how am I supposed to explain it to him?

was sollen wir nur tun? — what on earth are we going to do?

was hat er nur? — whatever's the matter with him?

5) (verallgemeinernd) just

er lief, so schnell er nur konnte — he ran just as fast as he could

6) (sogar) only; just

7)

es wimmelte nur so von Insekten — it was just teeming with insects

er schlug auf den Tisch, dass es nur so krachte — he crashed his fist [down] on the table
3.
Konjunktion but

* * *

adv.

merely adv.

only adv.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > nur

11 can

I.

can ⇒ Usage note: can, modal aux ( prét, cond could ; nég au prés cannot, can't)

1 ( expressing possibility) we can rent a house nous pouvons louer une maison ; anyone can enrol n'importe qui peut s'inscrire ; they can't ou cannot afford to fly ils ne peuvent pas se permettre de prendre l'avion ; it can also be used to dry clothes on peut aussi s'en servir pour faire sécher le linge ; how can one know in advance? comment peut-on savoir à l'avance? ; we are confident that the job can be completed in time nous sommes convaincus que le travail peut être fini à temps ; you can't have forgotten! tu ne peux pas avoir oublié! ; it can be described as on peut le décrire comme étant ; it cannot be explained logically ça n'a pas d'explication logique ; it could be that… il se peut que… (+ subj) ; could be ○ peut-être ; they could be dead ils sont peut-être morts ; it could be a trap c'est peut-être un piège, ça pourrait être un piège ; I could be wrong je me trompe peut-être, il se peut que j'aie tort ; this could be our most important match c'est peut-être or ça pourrait être le match le plus important pour nous ; the engine could explode le moteur pourrait exploser ; it could be seen as an insult ça pourrait être considéré comme une insulte ; it could be argued that on pourrait dire que ; could it have something to do with the delay? est-ce que ça pourrait avoir un rapport avec le retard? ; you could have been electrocuted! tu aurais pu t'électrocuter! ; ‘did she know?’-‘no, how could she?’ ‘est-ce qu'elle était au courant?’-‘non, comment est-ce qu'elle aurait pu l'être?’ ; the computer couldn't ou can't have made an error l'ordinateur n'a pas pu faire d'erreur, il est impossible que l'ordinateur ait fait une erreur ; they couldn't ou can't have found out so soon ils ne peuvent pas avoir compris si vite, il est impossible qu'ils aient compris si vite ; nothing could be simpler il n'y a rien de plus simple ;

2 ( expressing permission) you can turn right here vous pouvez tourner à droite ici ; I can't leave yet je ne peux pas partir pour le moment ; we cannot allow dogs in the café nous ne pouvons pas autoriser les chiens dans le café ; can we park here? est-ce que nous pouvons nous garer ici? ; people could travel without a passport on pouvait voyager sans passeport ; we could only go out at weekends nous ne pouvions sortir ou nous n'avions le droit de sortir que le week-end ; could I interrupt? puis-je vous interrompre? ;

3 ( when making requests) can you leave us a message? est-ce que tu peux nous laisser un message? ; can you do me a favour? est-ce que tu peux me rendre un service? ; can I ask you a question? puis-je poser une question? ; can't you get home earlier? est-ce que tu ne peux pas rentrer plus tôt? ; could I speak to Annie? est-ce que je pourrais parler à Annie?, puis-je parler à Annie? ; could she spend the night with you? est-ce qu'elle pourrait dormir chez toi? ; you couldn't come earlier, could you? est-ce que tu pourrais venir un peu plus tôt? ; couldn't you give us another chance? est-ce que vous ne pourriez pas nous donner une autre chance? ;

4 ( when making an offer) can I give you a hand? est-ce que je peux te donner un coup de main? ; what can I do for you? qu'est-ce que je peux faire pour vous aider? ; you can borrow it if you like tu peux l'emprunter si tu veux ;

5 ( when making suggestions) you can always exchange it tu peux toujours l'échanger ; I can call round later if you prefer je peux passer plus tard si ça t'arrange ; we could try and phone him nous pourrions essayer de lui téléphoner ; couldn't they go camping instead? est-ce qu'ils ne pourraient pas faire du camping à la place? ;

6 (have skill, knowledge to) she can't drive yet elle ne sait pas encore conduire ; can he type? est-ce qu'il sait taper à la machine? ; few people could read or write peu de gens savaient lire ou écrire ; she never told us she could speak Chinese elle ne nous a jamais dit qu'elle savait parler chinois ;

7 (have ability, power to) computers can process data rapidly les ordinateurs peuvent traiter rapidement les données ; to do all one can faire tout ce qu'on peut or tout son possible ; he couldn't sleep for weeks il n'a pas pu dormir pendant des semaines ; if only we could stay si seulement nous pouvions rester ; I wish I could have been there j'aurais aimé (pouvoir) être là ; I wish I could go to Japan j'aimerais (pouvoir) visiter le Japon ; I can't ou cannot understand why je ne comprends pas pourquoi, je n'arrive pas à comprendre pourquoi ;

8 (have ability, using senses, to) can you see it? est-ce que tu le vois? ; I can't hear anything je n'entends rien ; we could hear them laughing on les entendait rire ; I could feel my heart beating je sentais mon cœur battre ;

9 (indicating capability, tendency) she could be quite abrupt elle pouvait être assez brusque ; it can make life difficult ça peut rendre la vie difficile ; Italy can be very warm at that time of year il peut faire très chaud en Italie à cette période de l'année ;

10 (expressing likelihood, assumption) the cease-fire can't last le cessez-le-feu ne peut pas durer ; it can't be as bad as that! ça ne peut pas être aussi terrible que ça! ; it can't have been easy for her ça n'a pas dû être facile pour elle ; he couldn't be more than 10 years old il ne peut pas avoir plus de 10 ans ;

11 ( expressing willingness to act) I cannot give up work je ne peux pas laisser tomber le travail ; we can take you home nous pouvons te déposer chez toi ; I couldn't leave the children ( didn't want to) je ne pouvais pas laisser les enfants ; ( wouldn't want to) je ne pourrais pas laisser les enfants ;

12 ( be in a position to) one can hardly blame her on peut difficilement le lui reprocher ; they can hardly refuse to listen ils peuvent difficilement refuser d'écouter ; I can't say I agree je ne peux pas dire que je suis d'accord ; I couldn't possibly accept the money je ne peux vraiment pas accepter cet argent ;

13 ( expressing a reproach) they could have warned us ils auraient pu nous prévenir ; you could at least say sorry! tu pourrais au moins t'excuser! ; how could you! comment as-tu pu faire une chose pareille! ;

14 ( expressing surprise) what can she possibly want from me? qu'est-ce qu'elle peut bien me vouloir? ; who could it be? qui est-ce que ça peut bien être? ; where could they have hidden it? où est-ce qu'ils ont bien pu le cacher? ; you can't ou cannot be serious! tu veux rire ○ ! ; can you believe it! tu te rends compte? ;

15 ( for emphasis) I couldn't agree more! je suis entièrement d'accord! ; they couldn't have been nicer ils ont été extrêmement gentils ; you couldn't be more mistaken tu te trompes complètement ;

16 ( expressing exasperation) I was so mad I could have screamed! j'aurais crié tellement j'étais en colère! ; I could murder him ○ ! je le tuerais ○ ! ;

17 ( expressing obligation) if she wants it she can ask me herself si elle le veut elle peut venir me le demander elle-même ; you can get lost ○ ! tu peux toujours courir ○ ! ; if you want to chat, you can leave si vous voulez bavarder allez faire ça dehors ; if he doesn't like it he can lump it ○ même si ça ne lui plaît pas il va falloir qu'il fasse avec ○ ;

18 ( avoiding repetition of verb) ‘can we borrow it?’-‘you can’ ‘est-ce que nous pouvons l'emprunter?’-‘bien sûr’ ; leave as soon as you can partez dès que vous pourrez ; ‘can anyone give me a lift home?’-‘we can’ ‘est-ce que quelqu'un peut me déposer chez moi?’-‘oui, nous’.

Idioms

as happy/excited as can ou could be très heureux/excité ; no can do ○ non, je ne peux pas.

II.

can

A n

1 ( of tinned food) boîte f ; ( aerosol) bombe f ; ( for petrol) bidon m ; ( of drink) cannette f ;

2 ◑ ( lavatory) chiottes ◑ fpl, toilettes fpl ;

3 ○ ( prison) taule ○ f ;

4 ○ US ( rump) fesses fpl ; to kick sb in the can botter les fesses à qn ○ ;

5 ○ US Naut destroyer m.

B vtr ( p prés etc - nn-)

1 Culin mettre [qch] en conserve [fruit, vegetables] ;

2 ○ can it! I'm trying to sleep ferme-la ○, j'essaie de dormir! ;

3 ○ US ( dismiss) virer ○.

C canned pp adj

1 [food] en boîte ;

2 ○ [music, laughter, applause] enregistré ;

3 ○ ( drunk) bourré ○.

Idioms

a can of worms une affaire dans laquelle il vaut mieux ne pas trop fouiller ; in the can ○ Cin ( of film) dans la boîte ; ( of negotiations) dans la poche ; to carry the can for sb ○ porter le chapeau à la place de qn ○.

Big English-French dictionary > can

12 can

I.

can¹ [kæn]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► vb: neg cannot or can't

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. modal verb

   a.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► can is often translated by the appropriate form of pouvoir.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• can you come tomorrow? pouvez-vous venir demain ?

• can I help you? est-ce que je peux vous aider ?

• where can he be? où peut-il bien être ?

• it can be very cold here il peut faire très froid ici

• he will do what he can il fera ce qu'il pourra

   b. (indicating possibility) their behaviour can seem strange leur comportement peut sembler bizarre

• can he have done it already? est-il possible qu'il l'ait déjà fait ?

   c. (indicating impossibility) it can't have been him ça ne peut pas être lui

• he can't be dead! ce n'est pas possible, il n'est pas mort !

• you can't be serious! vous ne parlez pas sérieusement !

• she can't be very clever if she failed this exam elle ne doit pas être très intelligente si elle a échoué à cet examen

   d. ( = know how to) savoir

• he can read and write il sait lire et écrire

• she can't swim elle ne sait pas nager

   e.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► can used with a verb of perception is not usually translated.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• I can see you je vous vois

• I can't hear you je ne t'entends pas

2. compounds

► can-do (inf) adjective

[person, organization] dynamique

II.

can² [kæn]

1. noun

   a. (for oil, petrol) bidon m

   b. [of food] boîte f (de conserve)

• a can of beer une canette de bière

2. transitive verb

[+ food] mettre en conserve

• canned fruit fruits mpl en conserve

• canned food conserves fpl

• canned music (inf) musique f enregistrée

3. compounds

► can opener noun ouvre-boîtes m inv

* * *
I [kæn]
modal auxiliary (prét, conditional could; nég au prés cannot, can't)

1) ( expressing possibility)

we can rent a house — nous pouvons louer une maison

it can also be used to dry clothes — on peut aussi s'en servir pour sécher le linge

you can't have forgotten! — tu ne peux pas avoir oublié!

it cannot be explained logically — ça n'a pas d'explication logique

it could be that... — il se peut que... (+ subj)

could be — (colloq) peut-être

it could be a trap — c'est peut-être un piège, ça pourrait être un piège

I could be wrong — je me trompe peut-être, il se peut que j'aie tort

you could have been electrocuted! — tu aurais pu t'électrocuter!

‘did she know?’ - ‘no, how could she?’ — ‘est-ce qu'elle était au courant?’ - ‘non, comment est-ce qu'elle aurait pu l'être?’

the computer couldn't ou can't have made an error — l'ordinateur n'a pas pu faire d'erreur, il est impossible que l'ordinateur ait fait une erreur

nothing could be simpler — il n'y a rien de plus simple

2) ( expressing permission)

you can turn right here — vous pouvez tourner à droite ici

I can't leave yet — je ne peux pas partir pour le moment

could I interrupt? — puis-je vous interrompre?

3) ( when making requests)

can you leave us a message? — est-ce que tu peux nous laisser un message?

can I ask you a question? — puis-je vous poser une question?

4) ( when making an offer)

can I give you a hand? — est-ce que je peux te donner un coup de main?

what can I do for you? — ( in shop) qu'y a-t-il pour votre service?

5) ( when making suggestions)

you can always exchange it — tu peux toujours l'échanger

we could try and phone him — nous pourrions essayer de lui téléphoner

6) (have skill, knowledge to)

she can't read yet — elle ne sait pas encore lire

can he type? — est-ce qu'il sait taper à la machine?

7) (have ability, power to)

computers can process data rapidly — les ordinateurs peuvent traiter rapidement les données

to do all one can — faire tout ce qu'on peut or tout son possible

he couldn't sleep for weeks — il n'a pas pu dormir pendant des semaines

I wish I could have been there — j'aurais aimé (pouvoir) être là

8) (have ability, using senses, to)

can you see it? — est-ce que tu le vois?

I can't hear anything — je n'entends rien

I could feel my heart beating — je sentais mon cœur battre

9) (indicating capability, tendency)

she could be quite abrupt — elle pouvait être assez brusque

10) (expressing likelihood, assumption)

it can't be as bad as that! — ça ne peut pas être aussi terrible que ça!

he couldn't be more than 10 years old — ( now) il ne peut pas avoir plus de 10 ans

11) ( expressing willingness to act)

we can take you home — nous pouvons te déposer chez toi

I couldn't leave the children — ( didn't want to) je ne pouvais pas laisser les enfants; ( wouldn't want to) je ne pourrais pas laisser les enfants

12) ( be in a position to)

they can hardly refuse — ils peuvent difficilement refuser

I couldn't possibly accept the money — je ne peux vraiment pas accepter cet argent

13) ( expressing a reproach)

they could have warned us — ils auraient pu nous prévenir

you could at least say sorry! — tu pourrais au moins t'excuser!

how could you! — comment as -tu pu faire une chose pareille!

14) ( expressing surprise)

what can she possibly want from me? — qu'est-ce qu'elle peut bien me vouloir?

who could it be? — qui est-ce que ça peut bien être?

you can't ou cannot be serious! — tu veux rire! (colloq)

can you believe it! — tu te rends compte?

15) ( for emphasis)

I couldn't agree more! — je suis entièrement d'accord!

they couldn't have been nicer — ils ont été extrêmement gentils

you couldn't be more mistaken — tu te trompes complètement

16) ( expressing exasperation)

I was so mad I could have screamed! — j'aurais crié tellement j'étais en colère!

I could murder him! — (colloq) je le tuerais! (colloq)

17) ( expressing obligation)

she can ask me herself — elle peut venir me le demander elle-même

you can get lost! — (colloq) va te faire fiche! (colloq)

18) ( avoiding repetition of verb)

‘can we borrow it?’ - ‘you can’ — ‘est-ce que nous pouvons l'emprunter?’ - ‘bien sûr’

leave as soon as you can — partez dès que vous le pourrez

‘can anyone give me a lift home?’ - ‘we can’ — ‘est-ce que quelqu'un peut me déposer chez moi?’ - ‘oui, nous’

••

as happy/excited as can ou could be — très heureux/excité

no can do — (colloq) non, je ne peux pas
II 1. [kæn]
noun ( of food) boîte f; ( aerosol) bombe f; ( for petrol) bidon m; ( of drink) cannette f
2.
transitive verb (p prés etc - nn-) Culinary mettre [quelque chose] en conserve
3.
canned past participle adjective

1) [food] en boîte

2) (colloq) [laughter] enregistré

••

a can of worms — une affaire dans laquelle il vaut mieux ne pas trop fouiller

in the can — (colloq) Cinema ( of film) dans la boîte; ( of negotiations) dans la poche

to carry the can for somebody — (colloq) porter le chapeau à la place de quelqu'un (colloq)

English-French dictionary > can

13 من

مِن \ by: (showing how sth. is done): We hold things by the handle. We know people by name. We learn by experience. We earn money by working. from: showing the time that sth. started: I waited from six o’clock till eight, showing where sth. began or was obtained Are men descended from monkeys? He read aloud from the newspaper, showing cause He suffered from stomach pains, showing the lower limit of costs, numbers, etc. New bicycles cost from $60 to $90 each, showing a change The price rose from 20 pence to 25 pence, showing difference I don’t know one from the other, showing the place that one has left He arrived from Glasgow. of: (after a noun) showing contents, amount, kind, etc.: a cup of coffee (a cup that contains coffee); a cupful of coffee (enough coffee to fill a cup); a pound of sugar (sugar that weighs a pound); a piece of bread (not a whole loaf), (after an adj. or verb) concerning; about: I’m sure of it. She’s afraid of mice, (after a verb) showing a cause He died of hunger, (after an adj.) showing who did sth. and how he did it It was kind of your father to invite me (Your father was kind...), (after a participle) showing how sth. is formed a dress made of silk. than: used in comparing two objects; here the second subject and verb are always left out: I like you better than him (I like you better than I like him), used in comparing two subjects; it is better to put in the second verb, although some writers leave it out He is taller than I (am). He runs faster than I (do). \ مِن أَجْل \ because of: as a result of: Because of his illness, he could not travel. for: because of: He jumped for joy. She was sent to prison for stealing. for sb. to do sth.: that sb. should do sth.: I’m anxious for him to pass his exams. sake, for the sake of, for sb.’s sake: for the desire of: Why ruin your health for the sake of a little pleasure?, for the good of; so as to help: Soldiers die for the sake of their county (or for their country’s sake). Don’t take any risks for my sake. towards: as a help to: He gave me $5 towards the cost of my bicycle. \ مِن أَجْل ذلك \ hence: (often with no verb) for this reason: My car broke down; hence my late arrival. \ مِن أحدث طِراز \ up to date: up to the present moment; modern; knowing or showing the latest facts: Give me an up-to-date report on political events in South America. \ مِن أَصْل \ out: from among: Ten out of the twenty people were late. \ مِن الأَفْضَل \ preferably: if possible: Any day suits me, but preferably not Sunday. \ مِن الأَفْضَل \ had better: would be wise to: You had better try again tomorrow. \ See Also الأَجْدى لِـ \ مِن الآن \ hence: from now: A week hence I shall be in Rome. \ مِن... إلى \ from... to...: (without a or the) showing passage of time, distance in space, or repeated action: He visits me from time to time. He went from house to house in search of work. \ مِن آن إلى آخر \ every now and again, every now and then: again and again, but with no regular space between. \ مِن الآن فَصَاعِدًا \ henceforth, henceforward: from now on; in future. on: onwards: From now on I shall be more careful. \ مِن البداية إلى النهاية \ through: passing from one side or place to another; making a continuous journey: a through train. \ مِن بَعْدُ \ since: after; during the period after: I saw him on Tuesday, but I haven’t seen him since. I’ve been thinking about him ever since. \ مِن بَعيد \ from afar: from a great distance. \ مِن بَين \ out of: from among: Ten out of the twenty people were late. \ مِن ثَمَّ \ subsequently: afterwards: He became ill in the winter, and subsequently died. \ مِن جَانِبٍ إِلَى آخر \ across: form one side to the other: Run across before a car comes. The river is half a mile across. over: so that a different side is upwards: Turn the page over. Roll the body over. \ مِن جَديد \ afresh: again; making a new beginning: Tear up this page and start afresh. \ مِن جَمِيع الجهَات \ around: on all sides (of); round; here and there: The boys were running around. A crowd gathered around me. \ مِن جَمِيع الوُجوه تقريبًا \ to all intents and purposes: in regard to all that matters: To all intents and purposes, the work is finished (though a few unimportant points remain to be dealt with). \ مِن جِهة \ in respect of, with respect to, respecting: concerning: a bill in respect of car repairs. on the part of: in the case of; so far as sb. is concerned: There was no mistake on her part (If there was a mistake, it was not hers). \ مِن جهة ومِن الجهة الأخرى \ on the one hand, on the other hand: comparing opposite facts or ideas; the first phrase is often left out: (On the one hand) you can live more cheaply in the country; on the other hand, work is harder to find there. \ مِن الحديد \ iron: made of iron; as strong as iron: an iron bar; an iron will. \ مِن حُسن التوفيق \ happily: fortunately: Happily, he was not hurt in the accident. a good job: a fortunate thing: It’s a good job that you crossed before the bridge fell. fortunately: adv. as the result of good fortune: He fell down but fortunately did not hurt himself. \ See Also لحسن الحظ (لِحُسْنِ الحَظّ)‏ \ مِن حَوْل \ around: on all sides (of); round; here and there: The boys were running around. A crowd gathered around me. \ مِن حَيْثُ شَخْصُهُ \ personally: as a person (in regard to character); socially: I like him personally, but I dislike his political ideas. \ مِن حِين لآخَر \ occasional: happening sometimes, but not regularly: We had an occasional quarrel. now and again, now and then: sometimes. \ مِن خِلال \ through: from one side to the other; from one end to the other: He drove a nail through (the board). A river ran through (the town). Water runs through pipes. I looked through the window, but I couldn’t see far through the mist. I read through my notes. \ مِن الدرجة الأولى \ first-class, first-rate: of the best quality: He is a first-class photographer. \ مِن سُخْرِية الأقدار \ ironic(al): (of events) like a cruel joke: It was ironical that she should break her leg just when she had at last got a job as a dancer. \ مِنَ الشرق \ eastern: belonging to the east. \ مِن صُنْعِ اليَد \ hand-made: made by hand, not by a machine: Hand-made shoes. \ مِن الضروريّ أن كما \ must: (p.t.. had to, neg.. needn’t, don’t/didn’t need to; don’t/didn’t have to) need to: You must go now, mustn’t you? Yes, I must. No, I needn’t go yet. \ مِن الطبيعيّ \ it goes without saying (that): naturally; of course: The invitation was sent to me; but it goes without saying that my wife is included. \ مِن الطراز القديم \ old-fashioned: (of people) holding on to old ideas and customs; (of things) not modern; no longer used. \ مِن طَرَف لآخر \ through: passing from one side or place to another; making a continuous journey: a through train. \ مِن عَجيب التَّقادِير \ ironic(al): (of events) like a cruel joke: It was ironical that she should break her leg just when she had at last got a job as a dancer. \ مِن عَلى ظهر السفينة \ overboard: over the side of a boat, and into the water: They jumped overboard when the ship was on fire. \ مِن غَيْر \ without: not with; not having: Without doubt, this is the best. I did it without his help. He took my bicycle without asking me. \ مِن غَيْر حَرَج \ freely: readily: They freely accepted my advice. \ مِنَ الفراء \ fur: animal skin, with the fur on it, used as clothing: a coat with a collar of fur; a fur hat. \ مِنَ الفِراش \ up: out of bed: I get up at 6.30 every morning. We stayed up very late last night. \ مِن فَضْلِك \ kindly: please!: kindly close the door!. please: (when asking) giving a polite order: Please stop that noise. A cup of coffee, please, asking for a favour or for permission Will you help me, please? Please, may I use your pen?. \ مِن فَوْق \ over: across, from one side of sth. to the other: He jumped over the fence. The gate was locked, so he climbed over. \ مِن فَوق سَطْح المَرْكَب \ overboard: over the side of a boat, and into the water: They jumped overboard when the ship was on fire. \ مِن قَبْل \ ago: before the present time: 100 years ago; a short while ago. already: before this time: She’s already married. before: at an earlier time (than): I have been here before. beforehand: before; early; in readiness: If you want your dinner early, warn the cook beforehand. \ مِن قِبَل \ by: (showing who or what did sth.): He was bitten by a dog. \ مِن قَلْبٍ مُخْلص \ heartily: thoroughly: I heartily agree with you. \ مِنَ المُؤسِف \ pity: (with a) an unfortunate fact or happening: It’s a pity that you can’t go with us to the cinema. \ مِنَ المُحَتَّم \ bound, (bind, bound) to: certain to: He’s bound to win. \ See Also المُؤَكَّد أَنّ \ مِنَ المُحْتَمَل \ likely: (usu. with very, most, more or quite) probably: She’s very likely right. well: (with may) very possibly; with good reason: He may well be late if the road is being repaired. \ مِن مُدّةٍ قريبة \ the other day: a few days ago: I met your son the other day. \ مِن المَرْتَبَة أو الدَّرَجة الثّانِية \ second-class: of the next level below that of top quality: The less comfortable second-class seats were much cheaper than the first-class ones. \ مِن المَفْروض أنّ \ be supposed to: to have a duty to; be expected to: You’re supposed to be working now, not playing. You’re not supposed to be here (You ought not be here). \ مِن مَكانٍ لآخَر \ about: from place to place in: We wandered about the town. \ مِن المُمْكِن \ could, (could not, couldn’t): (with an if clause, showing a possibility that depends on sth. else) would be able to: She could buy it if you lent her the money. possibly: perhaps: Possibly you can help. well: (with may) very possibly; with good reason: He may well be late if the road is being repaired.. \ مِنَ المُمْكِن أن \ could, (could not, couldn’t): (showing a simple possibility): You could telephone her (if you wanted to). might: expressing a weak possibility (future, present or past): She might do that tomorrow; she might be doing it at this moment; she might even have done it already (but I doubt that she has done it or ever will do it). \ مِنْ ناحية... مِنَ الناحية الأخرى \ on the one hand, on the other hand: comparing opposite facts or ideas; the first phrase is often left out: (On the one hand) you can live more cheaply in the country; on the other hand, work is harder to find there. \ مِن النّاحية النظريّة \ in theory: as an idea; according to ideas: Your plan may work in theory, but it will not work in practice. \ مِنَ النُّبَلاء \ earl: the title of a British nobleman. \ مِنَ النُّبَلاء \ noble: of high rank: a woman of noble birth. \ See Also الأشراف \ مِنْ نِتاج الوَطَن \ home-grown: (of food) grown in one’s own country, not in another country: home-grown vegetables. \ مِنْ نُسْخَتَين \ in duplicate: on two separate copies: Please complete this list in duplicate. \ مِنْ نَسْل \ descendant: sb. who is descended from a person: a descendant of Queen Victoria. \ See Also ذرية (ذُرِّيَّة)‏ \ مِنْ نَفْس البَلَد \ countryman, countrymen: (usu. fellow countryman) a person of the same nation as another. \ مِنْ نوع راق \ classical: of proved and lasting value: classical music. \ مَنْ هُم أَعْلَى مقَامًا \ betters, one’s betters: those who have more experience or higher rank than onself: Treat your betters with more respect. \ See Also أَرْفَع شَأنًا مِن \ مِن هُنَا \ away: (with verbs of movement) to a distance: Go away! We drove the dog away. by: past: Please let me (get) by. He smiled as he went by. \ مَن هو أَعْلَى دَرَجَةً \ superior: sb. of higher rank: You must obey your superiors. \ مِن واجبه أن \ up to: the duty of: It’s up to his father to punish him. \ مِن وَاحِد إلى آخَر \ over: across, from one person to another: She handed over the keys to a friend. \ مِن الواضح \ much: (in comparison; before most, etc.) without doubt; clearly: He is much the most experienced player in the team. \ مِن وَراءِ ظَهْرِه \ behind sb.’s back: when someone is not present: He tells untrue stories about me behind my back. \ مِن وَقْت لاِخَر \ now and again: sometimes. off and on, on and off: not continuously; at one time and another: It has been raining off and on the whole day. sometimes: at certain times but not always: Sometimes I win and sometimes I don’t. England sometimes has a hot summer, but not often.

Arabic-English dictionary > من

14 dudar

v.

1 to doubt.

¿vas a venir? — lo dudo are you going to come? — I doubt it o I don't think so

lo dudo mucho I very much doubt it

yo no lo hice — no lo dudo, pero… I didn't do it — I'm sure you didn't, but…

dudo que venga I doubt (whether) he'll come

Ricardo duda Richard doubts.

2 to hesitate.

dudar entre hacer una cosa u otra to be unsure whether to do one thing or another

no dudes en venir a preguntarme don't hesitate to come and ask me

María duda Mary hesitates.

* * *

dudar

► verbo intransitivo

1 to doubt, have doubts

■ dudo de lo que dijo I have doubts about what he said

2 (titubear) to hesitate

■ dudó en ir he hesitated whether to go or not

■ dudo entre quedarme o marcharme I'm not sure whether to stay or leave

► verbo transitivo

1 to doubt

■ lo dudo I doubt it

■ dudo que venga I doubt if he'll come

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

dudar de alguien to doubt somebody, mistrust somebody

* * *

verb

1) to doubt

2) hesitate

* * *

1. VT

1) (=no estar seguro de) to doubt

espero que venga, aunque lo dudo mucho — I hope she'll come, although I doubt very much (if) she will

-yo te ayudaré -no lo dudo, pero... — "I'll help you" - "I'm sure you will, but..."

es lo mejor para ti, no lo dudes — it's the best thing for you, believe me

• a no dudarlo — undoubtedly

• dudar que, dudo que sea verdad — I doubt (whether o if) it's true

dudo que yo haya dicho eso — I doubt I said that

no dudo que sea capaz de hacerlo — I don't doubt that he's capable of doing it

• dudar si, dudaba si había echado la carta — I wasn't sure if I had posted the letter

2) (=vacilar sobre)

lo dudé mucho y al final me decidí por el azul — I thought about it o dithered * a lot but in the end I decided on the blue one

si yo fuera tú, no lo dudaría — if I were you, I wouldn't hesitate

2. VI

1) (=desconfiar) to doubt, have doubts

• dudar de algo — to question sth, doubt sth

los celos le hicieron dudar de su cariño — jealousy made her question o doubt his affection

2) (=vacilar)

no sé qué hacer, estoy dudando — I don't know what to do, I'm in two minds o I'm undecided

dudamos entre ir en autobús o en taxi — we were not sure whether to go by bus or taxi

dudaba entre los dos — she couldn't decide between the two

• dudar en hacer algo — to hesitate to do sth

dudaba en comprarlo — he hesitated to buy it

no dudes en llamarme — don't hesitate to call me

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo to doubt

nunca dudé lo — I never doubted it

dudo que te haya dicho la verdad — I doubt if o whether he's told you the truth

es el mejor, no lo dudes — it's the best one, take it from me

yo hice todo lo que pude - no lo dudo, pero... — I did everything I could - I'm sure you did, but...
2.
dudar vi

cómpralo, no sigas dudando — go ahead and buy it, stop dithering

está dudando entre comprar y alquilar — she can't make up her mind whether to buy or rent

dudar en + inf — to hesitate to + inf

no dudes en llamarme — don't hesitate to call me

dudar de algo/alguien — to doubt something/somebody

* * *

= be hesitant (to), doubt, have + second thoughts, hesitate, waver, express + reservations, have + reservations (about), dither, hang back, be suspicious, voice + reservations, teeter + on the edge of, think + twice.

Ex. I remember being hesitant to buy a CD player because I was attached to my extensive collection of LPs collected over a lifetime.

Ex. He explained that while there was considerable turnover he doubted 18 assistants would be needed in the year, perhaps three or four at best.

Ex. We can then have second thoughts, and possibly arrive at a more suitable form of truncation.

Ex. Good luck and don't hesitate to ask me or anyone on the management team for advice or assistance!.

Ex. The first decision in establishing headings for the works of corporate bodies is the one over which code makers have wavered.

Ex. While reservations have been expressed about the festival, its value in enhancing and enriching the cultural life of this part of the country is evident.

Ex. Librarians who have reservations about the spread of electronically based services are not Luddites.

Ex. The Executive Board has been dithering over the control of the search for the next executive director = La Junta Directiva ha estado dudando si controlar o no la elección del siguiente director ejecutivo.

Ex. This article explores the implications of these threats, maintaining that publishers cannot afford to hang back, but must innovate or atrophy.

Ex. Collection development librarians are often met with distrust from faculty colleagues who are often suspicious of their ability to select books.

Ex. The author voices reservations about the latest amendments to the Library Act.

Ex. We would like to encourage other institutions who have been teetering on the edge of implementation to get on their running shoes and go for it.

Ex. I would urge you most sincerely and strongly to think twice or three times before putting your shelflist into an undeveloped system.

----

* dudar entre... y/o... = hover between... and/or....

* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.

* no lo dudes = take it from me.

* sin dudar = without a doubt.

* sin dudarlo = without hesitation.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo to doubt

nunca dudé lo — I never doubted it

dudo que te haya dicho la verdad — I doubt if o whether he's told you the truth

es el mejor, no lo dudes — it's the best one, take it from me

yo hice todo lo que pude - no lo dudo, pero... — I did everything I could - I'm sure you did, but...
2.
dudar vi

cómpralo, no sigas dudando — go ahead and buy it, stop dithering

está dudando entre comprar y alquilar — she can't make up her mind whether to buy or rent

dudar en + inf — to hesitate to + inf

no dudes en llamarme — don't hesitate to call me

dudar de algo/alguien — to doubt something/somebody

* * *

= be hesitant (to), doubt, have + second thoughts, hesitate, waver, express + reservations, have + reservations (about), dither, hang back, be suspicious, voice + reservations, teeter + on the edge of, think + twice.

Ex: I remember being hesitant to buy a CD player because I was attached to my extensive collection of LPs collected over a lifetime.

Ex: He explained that while there was considerable turnover he doubted 18 assistants would be needed in the year, perhaps three or four at best.

Ex: We can then have second thoughts, and possibly arrive at a more suitable form of truncation.

Ex: Good luck and don't hesitate to ask me or anyone on the management team for advice or assistance!.

Ex: The first decision in establishing headings for the works of corporate bodies is the one over which code makers have wavered.

Ex: While reservations have been expressed about the festival, its value in enhancing and enriching the cultural life of this part of the country is evident.

Ex: Librarians who have reservations about the spread of electronically based services are not Luddites.

Ex: The Executive Board has been dithering over the control of the search for the next executive director = La Junta Directiva ha estado dudando si controlar o no la elección del siguiente director ejecutivo.

Ex: This article explores the implications of these threats, maintaining that publishers cannot afford to hang back, but must innovate or atrophy.

Ex: Collection development librarians are often met with distrust from faculty colleagues who are often suspicious of their ability to select books.

Ex: The author voices reservations about the latest amendments to the Library Act.

Ex: We would like to encourage other institutions who have been teetering on the edge of implementation to get on their running shoes and go for it.

Ex: I would urge you most sincerely and strongly to think twice or three times before putting your shelflist into an undeveloped system.

* dudar entre... y/o... = hover between... and/or....

* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.

* no lo dudes = take it from me.

* sin dudar = without a doubt.

* sin dudarlo = without hesitation.

* * *

dudar [A1 ]

vt

to doubt

lo dudo mucho I doubt it very much

es lo que te conviene, no lo dudes it's what's right for you, take it from me

yo hice todo lo que pude — no lo dudo, pero … I did everything I could — I'm sure you did, but …

dudar QUE + SUBJ:

nunca dudé que fuera inocente I never doubted his innocence o that he was innocent

dudo que llegue a tiempo I doubt that o if o whether I'll get there in time, I don't think I'll get there in time

dudo que te haya dicho la verdad I doubt if o whether he's told you the truth

■ dudar

vi

vamos, cómpralo, no sigas dudando go ahead and buy it, stop hesitating o dithering

está dudando entre comprar y alquilar she can't make up her mind o she is in two minds whether to buy or rent

dudar EN + INF to hesitate to + INF

no dudes en llamarme don't hesitate to call me

dudar DE algo/algn to doubt sth/sb

¿dudas de su honradez? do you doubt his honesty?

no dudo de su capacidad para desempeñar el cargo I don't doubt o I'm not questioning his ability to do the job

¿cómo pude dudar de ti? how could I have doubted you?

* * *

dudar ( conjugate dudar) verbo transitivo
to doubt;
◊ dudo que lo haya terminado I doubt if o whether he's finished it

verbo intransitivo: duda entre comprar y alquilar she can't make up her mind whether to buy or rent;
dudar en hacer algo to hesitate to do sth;
dudar de algo/algn to doubt sth/sb
dudar
I verbo intransitivo
1 to doubt: no dudes de él, don't distrust him
2 (estar indeciso) to hesitate [en, to]: dudaban entre comprarlo o no, they hesitated whether to buy it or not
II verbo transitivo to doubt: dudo mucho que se disculpe, I very much doubt that he'll apologize

' dudar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
vacilar
- ver
- titubear
English:
debate
- doubt
- falter
- hesitate
- shot
- suspect
- vacillate
- waver

* * *

dudar

♦ vi

1. [desconfiar]
dudar de algo/alguien to have one's doubts about sth/sb;

dudo de sus intenciones I question his intentions;

no dudo de su buena voluntad I don't doubt his goodwill;

sé que dudan de mí, pero yo soy inocente I know they have their doubts about me, but I'm innocent;

¿acaso dudas de mí? don't you trust me then?

2. [no estar seguro]
dudar sobre algo to be unsure about sth

3. [vacilar] to hesitate;

dudar entre hacer una cosa u otra to be unsure whether to do one thing or another;

no dudes en venir a preguntarme don't hesitate to come and ask me

♦ vt

to doubt;

¿vas a venir? – lo dudo are you going to come? – I doubt it, I don't think so;

lo dudo mucho I very much doubt it;

después de dudarlo bastante se decidió a ir after being in some doubt he decided to go;

¿que eres sincero? permíteme que lo dude so you're telling the truth, are you? I think I'll reserve judgement on that, if I may;

yo no lo hice – no lo dudo, pero… I didn't do it – I'm sure you didn't, but…;

no lo dude, ha hecho lo que debía you can rest assured you've done the right thing;

dudo que venga I doubt (whether) he'll come;

no dudo que lo hiciera con muy buena intención no doubt he did it with the best of intentions

* * *

dudar

I v/t doubt;

¡no lo dudes! of course!, no problem!

II v/i

1 hesitate (en to);

no dudar en hacer algo not hesitate to do sth

2

:

dudar de alguien not trust s.o.

* * *

dudar vt

: to doubt

dudar vi

dudar en : to hesitate to

no dudes en pedirme ayuda: don't hesitate to ask me for help

* * *

dudar vb

1. (en general) to doubt

dudo que se case I doubt that he'll get married

si llueve, que lo dudo, iremos al museo if it rains, which I doubt, we'll go to the museum

2. (vacilar) to hesitate

no dudes en pedir ayuda don't hesitate to ask for help

3. (no poder escoger) not to be sure / not to be able to make up your mind

dudó entre comprarse un coche o una moto he wasn't sure whether to buy a car or a motorbike

4. (desconfiar) to mistrust

duda de su marido she doesn't trust her husband

Spanish-English dictionary > dudar

15 schön

Adv.

1. mit Zeitangaben: already; schon damals even then; schon früher before; (vor langer Zeit) a long time ago; schon immer always, all along; schon oft often (enough); schon wieder again; schon wieder! not again!; schon nach fünf Minuten after only five minutes; nach fünf Minuten war er schon fort etc. five minutes later he’d already gone etc.; schon von Anfang an right from the start, from the word go umg.; es ist schon 12 Uhr it’s twelve o’clock already; schon am nächsten Tag the very next day; schon um 6 Uhr waren sie auf they were already up at 6 o’clock; schon im 16. Jahrhundert as early ( oder as far back) as the 16th century; schon im 16. Jahrhundert gab es die Krankheit the disease was already around in the 16th century; das ist schon lange her that was long ago ( oder way back); das war schon vor zwanzig Jahren that was twenty (whole) years ago; wie lange sind Sie schon hier? how long have you been here?

2. (bereits) already; (schon einmal, zuvor) before; (bis jetzt) so far; in Fragen: yet; (jemals) ever; ich habe schon eins umg. I’ve already got one; hast du schon einmal...? have you ever...?; sind Sie schon ( einmal) in Spanien gewesen? have you ever been to Spain?; ich war schon ein paar Mal / oft dort I’ve been there a couple of times / frequently; kennen Sie schon Herrn X? have you met Mr ( oder Mr.) X?, do you know Mr ( oder Mr.) X?; wir kennen uns schon we’ve met, we do know one another; ich habe ihn schon ( einmal) gesehen I’ve seen him before somewhere; danke, ich habe schon zu trinken etc.: no thanks, I’m fine; da ist er ja schon wieder he’s (iro. look who’s) back again; das kenne ich schon I know that, I’ve seen that before; bei Entschuldigungen: I’ve heard that one before; das kennen wir schon we know all about that, that’s an old one; ich habe schon bessere Weine getrunken I’ve tasted better wines in my time; hast du schon gehört? have you heard?; hast du schon mit ihm gesprochen? have you talked to him yet?; ist er schon da? has he come yet?, is he here yet?; (früher als erwartet) is he here already?; was, ( du bist) schon zurück? what, back already?; werden Sie schon bedient? are you being served?; ich bekomme schon it’s OK, I’m being looked after; er wollte schon gehen he was about ( oder all set) to go; warum willst du schon gehen? why are you leaving so early?

3. zur Betonung (sogar, selbst) even; schon ein Milligramm des Gifts kann tödlich sein just ( oder even) one milligram(me) of the poison can kill you; ein Anruf hätte schon genügt (just) a phone call would have been enough; schon ein Unentschieden wäre ein Erfolg even a draw would be a success; schon für 10 Euro for only 10 euros; Herrenhemden schon ab 5 Euro men’s shirts from as little as 5 euros; ich komme (ja) schon! (I’m) coming!; da sind wir (ja) schon! here we are; schon war ich sauer umg. I was getting really annoyed; was gibt es denn ( nun) schon wieder? what is it now ( oder this time)?; ich verstehe schon I see

4. (allein) schon seine Stimme just to hear his voice, his voice alone; schon der Name the mere (mention of the oder his etc.) name, just to hear the ( oder his etc.) name; schon der Anblick just to see it; schon der Gedanke the very idea, the mere thought (of it); schon deswegen if only for that (reason); schon wegen if only because of; der Kinder etc.: if only for the sake of; schon weil if only because; schon sie zu sehen (even) just to see her

5. versichernd, verstärkend: sie wird’s schon schaffen she’ll make it all right; beruhigend: auch don’t worry, she’ll make it; er kommt schon noch he’ll come eventually; die Zinsen steigen schon noch the interest rates are bound to go up; the interest rates will go up, you’ll see; ich mach’s schon leave it to me; es wird schon gehen it’ll be all right, I’ll etc. manage (somehow); das ist schon möglich that could be; betonter: that’s quite possible; das lässt sich schon machen mit Vorbehalt: we etc. might be able to do that, it’s doable; (es ist kein Problem) that’s no problem, no problem umg.; wir können schon mit ihm reden (sind bereit) we don’t mind talking to him; ich kann mir schon denken, was... I can (just) imagine what...; er ist schon eingebildet he’s certainly bigheaded; das war schon Glückssache that really was a stroke of luck; das ist schon eine große Frechheit! that really is a bit much; schon gut! it’s all right, never mind; (das reicht) that’ll do

6. umg., auffordernd, ermunternd: mach schon! get a move on, will you?; komm schon! come on, then; geh schon! go on, then; nun sag schon, wie’s war come on, tell us ( oder me) what it was like; gib’s schon zu! come on, admit it!

7. einräumend oder bedingend: schon, aber... yes, but...; ich verstehe / möchte schon, aber... I can see that / I’d like to, but...; ich kenne sie schon, aber... I do know her, but...; sie müsste sich schon etwas mehr anstrengen she’d have to make more of an effort, of course; das ist schon wahr, aber... that’s (certainly) ( oder may be) true, but...; wenn du schon ( mal) da bist since you’re here

8. (ohnehin) es ist so schon teuer genug it’s expensive enough as it is; schon gar nicht least of all; morgen schon gar nicht least of all tomorrow

9. umg., rhetorisch: na wenn schon! so what; iro. so?; was macht das schon? what does it matter?; was heißt das schon? so?, that doesn’t mean a thing; wem nützt das schon? who is that supposed to help?; wer braucht / kauft so was schon? who on earth needs / buys something like that?; was verstehst du schon davon? what do you know about it?; wer könnte da schon nein sagen? who could possibly say no (to that)?; wer ist da? - na, wer schon? who’s there? - who do you think?

10. umg.: wenn schon, denn schon (wenn man sich auf etw. einlässt) in for a penny (Am. dime), in for a pound (Am. dollar); (wenn man etw. unternimmt) anything worth doing, is worth doing well

* * *

ever; already; yet; by now

* * *
[ʃøːn]
1. adj

1) (= hübsch anzusehen) beautiful, lovely; Mann handsome

das Schöne — beauty

na, schö́nes Kind (inf) — well then, beautiful (inf)

See:

→ Auge

2) (= nett, angenehm) good; Erlebnis, Stimme, Musik, Wetter good, lovely; Gelegenheit great, splendid

die schö́nen Künste — the fine arts

die schö́ne Literatur — belles-lettres sing

das ist ein schö́ner Tod — that's a good way to die

eines schö́nen Tages — one fine day

(wieder) in schö́nster Ordnung (nach Krach etc) — back to normal (again)

in schö́nster Eintracht or Harmonie — in perfect harmony

das Schöne beim Skilaufen ist... — the nice thing about skiing is...

das Schönste daran ist... — the beauty of it is..., the nicest or best thing about it is...

schö́ne Ferien!, schö́nen Urlaub! — have a good or nice holiday (esp Brit) or vacation (US)

schö́nes Wochenende — have a good or nice weekend

schö́nen guten Tag — a very good morning/afternoon/evening to you

war es schö́n im Urlaub? — did you have a nice or good holiday (esp Brit) or vacation (US)?

war es schö́n bei Tante Veronika? — did you have a nice or good time at Aunt Veronika's?

schö́n, dass du gekommen bist — nice of you to come

es ist schö́n, dass du wieder da bist — it's good to have you back

schö́ner, heißer Kaffee — nice hot coffee

ein schö́ner frischer Wind — a nice fresh wind

3) (iro) Unordnung fine, nice, lovely; Überraschung, Wetter lovely; Unsinn, Frechheit absolute

da hast du etwas Schönes angerichtet — you've made a fine or nice or lovely mess

du bist mir ein schö́ner Freund/Vater/Held etc — a fine friend/father/hero etc you are, you're some friend/father/hero etc

du machst or das sind mir ja schö́ne Sachen or Geschichten — here's or this is a pretty state of things, here's a pretty kettle of fish (inf)

von dir hört man schö́ne Sachen or Geschichten — I've been hearing some nice or fine things about you

das wäre ja noch schö́ner (inf) — that's (just) too much!

es wird immer schö́ner (inf) — things are going from bad to worse

See:

→ Bescherung

4) (inf = gut) nice

das war nicht schö́n von dir (inf) — that wasn't very nice of you

zu schö́n, um wahr zu sein (inf) — too good to be true

schö́n, schö́n, (also) schö́n, sehr schö́n, na schö́n — fine, okay, all right

schö́n und gut, aber... — (that's) all well and good but..., that's all very well but...

5) (= beträchtlich, groß) Erfolg great; Strecke, Stück Arbeit, Alter good

ein schö́nes Stück weiterkommen — to make good progress

eine ganz schö́ne Leistung — quite an achievement

eine ganz schö́ne Arbeit — quite a lot of work

eine ganz schö́ne Menge — quite a lot

das hat eine schö́ne Stange Geld gekostet (inf) — that cost a pretty penny

2. adv

1)

(= hübsch) sich schö́n anziehen — to get dressed up

schö́n machen (Kind) — to dress up; (Wohnung, Straßen) to decorate

sich schö́n machen — to get dressed up, to dress (oneself) up

2) (bei Verben) (= gut) well; sich waschen, verarbeiten lassen easily; scheinen brightly; schreiben beautifully; (= richtig, genau) ansehen, durchlesen etc carefully

es schö́n haben — to be well off; (im Urlaub etc) to have a good time (of it)

etw am schö́nsten machen — to do sth best

See:

→ danke, bitte

3)

(= angenehm) schö́n weich/warm/stark etc — nice and soft/warm/strong etc

4)

(bei Wünschen) schlaf schö́n — sleep well

amüsiere dich schö́n — have a nice or good time

erhole dich schö́n — have a good rest

See:

→ grüßen

5) (inf = brav, lieb) nicely

iss mal schö́n deinen Teller leer — eat it all up nicely (now), be a good girl/boy and eat it all up

sag schö́n "Guten Tag" — say "hello" nicely

sei schö́n still/ordentlich etc (als Aufforderung) — be nice and quiet/tidy etc

sei schö́n brav — be a good boy/girl

fahr schö́n langsam — drive nice and slowly

See:

→ bleiben lassen

6) (inf = sehr, ziemlich) really

schö́n wehtun — to hurt oneself a lot

sich schö́n täuschen — to make a big mistake

sich schö́n ärgern — to be very angry

jdn schö́n erschrecken — to give sb quite a or a real fright

ganz schö́n teuer/kalt — pretty expensive/cold

(ganz) schö́n weit weg — a long or good way off, quite a distance away

ganz schö́n lange — quite a while

(ganz) schö́n viel Geld kosten — to cost a pretty penny

* * *

1) (before a particular time; previously: I had already gone when Tom arrived; I don't want that book - I've read it already.) already

2) (before the expected time: Are you leaving already?; He hasn't gone already, has he?) already

3) yet

* * *

schon

[ʃo:n]

I. adv

1. (jetzt)

sind wir \schon da? are we there yet?

hast du \schon gehört? have you heard?

sie kommen \schon heute they're coming today

du willst \schon gehen? you want to leave now [or already]?

nach fünf Minuten war ich \schon fertig I was finished after only five minutes, I was already finished after five minutes

\schon bald darauf very soon after

▪ es ist \schon...:

es ist \schon spät it is already late [or late already

2. (danach)

nur eine Minute, und \schon bin ich weg just one minute, and then I'm gone

kaum leg ich mich hin, \schon klingelt das Telefon wieder I hardly have time to lie down before the telephone rings yet again form

kaum verließ sie das Zimmer, \schon rauchte er she had hardly left the room when he lit up

3. (vorab)

ihr könnt [ja] \schon [mal] anfangen you can start now

4. (wirklich)

was, \schon 5 Uhr? what, 5 o'clock already?

er wiegt \schon 200 kg! he now weighs 200 kg!

eine kleine Menge kann \schon Wunder wirken just [or even] a small amount can work wonders

\schon ein Teilerfolg würde sich lohnen even a partial success would be worth it

CD-Rohlinge gibt es \schon für ein paar Cent blank CDs can be had for as little as a few cents

\schon 8-Jährige surfen im Internet children as young as eight are surfing the internet

5. (früher)

\schon in den Siebzigern gab es Mikrocomputer there were microcomputers as early as [or back in] the seventies

\schon Ovid schrieb darüber/über diese Idee that/that idea is as old as Ovid

\schon als Kind wollte ich Schauspieler werden since I was a child I've always wanted to be an actor

\schon damals/gestern/jetzt even at that time/even yesterday/even now

\schon früh early on

\schon immer always

sie war \schon immer schwierig she always was difficult

ich sagte es ja \schon immer I've always said so

\schon seit Jahren for years [now]

\schon lange/länger for a long time [now]

\schon längst (die ganze Zeit) for ages; (vor langer Zeit) ages ago

\schon oft several times [already]

6. (inzwischen)

das kenn ich \schon I know that already

ich wollte vorher \schon fragen I wanted to ask anyway

\schon [ein]mal ever

hast du \schon mal Austern gegessen? have you ever eaten oysters?

wie \schon gesagt as was/has been said already [or beforehand]

wie \schon so oft as was/has been often the case [before]

7. (allein)

warum sich beklagen? es geht uns \schon so schlecht why complain? we're badly off as it is

\schon darum/deshalb/aus dem Grunde for that reason alone

\schon die Tatsache, dass... the fact alone that..., the very fact that...

\schon Grund genug sein to be already reason enough; s.a. allein

II. part

1. (wirklich)

das ist \schon eine Schande! that really is a disgrace!

es ist \schon wahr it's true all right

ich sehe \schon,... I can see,...

ich kann mir \schon denken, was du willst I can well imagine what you want

das will \schon was heißen those are promising words

du wirst \schon sehen! you'll see!

es ist \schon angenehm, nichts zu tun it really is pleasant doing nothing

das will ich nicht, und \schon gar nicht von dir I don't want it, and especially not from you

\schon wieder [once] again

nicht das/sie \schon wieder! not that/her again!

2. (fam: endlich)

jetzt komm \schon! hurry up!

hör \schon auf damit! will you stop that!

sag doch \schon! out with it!

geh \schon! go on!

gib \schon her! come on, give it here!

mach \schon! hurry up!

3. (aber)

wenn du \schon nicht bleibst, [dann] iss eine Kleinigkeit if you really can't stay, then have a bite to eat

wenn ich euch \schon fahre, dann [aber] vor Mitternacht if I do drive you, then before midnight

4. (irgendwie) all right

danke, es geht \schon thanks, I can manage

es wird \schon klappen it will work out all right

5. (irgendwann) in the end, one day

es wird \schon noch [mal] klappen it will work out in the end [or one day

6. (eigentlich)

ich glaube \schon I think so

so was kann \schon mal vorkommen such things can happen

Lust hätte ich \schon, nur keine Zeit I do feel like it, I simply don't have time

das stimmt \schon that's true enough

das ist \schon möglich/wahr that's possible/true, I suppose

\schon möglich, aber [o doch] [o nur] nicht sehr wahrscheinlich that's possible, but not very probable

[ja] \schon[, aber...] [well] yes [or sure] [, but...]

findest du sie attraktiv? — ja, \schon do you think she's attractive? — yes, she's okay

\schon gut! okay! fam

und [o na] wenn \schon! (fam) so what? fam

7. (andererseits)

wir durften nicht draußen spielen, die anderen [aber] \schon we weren't allowed to play outside, but the others were

auf dieser Straße kommen Sie nicht nach Köln, auf der \schon you won't get to Cologne on this road, but on that one

8. (usu pej: ausgerechnet)

was ist \schon Reichtum? what's wealth of all things?

was hast du \schon zu sagen? what have you of all people got to say?

was sind \schon zehn Jahre? what do ten years matter?

was macht das \schon? what does it matter?

was nützt das \schon? what possible use is that?

wen interessiert das \schon? who's possibly interested?

9. (nur)

wenn ich das \schon rieche/sehe! the mere smell/sight of that!

wenn ich das \schon höre! just hearing about it!; s.a. ja, möglich

10. DIAL (noch)

wie war \schon Ihr Name? what was your name again?

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) (bereits) (oft nicht übersetzt) already; (in Fragen) yet

er kommt schon heute/ist schon gestern gekommen — he's coming today/he came yesterday

er ist schon da/[an]gekommen — he is already here/has already arrived

er ist schon gestern angekommen — he arrived as early as yesterday

wie lange bist du schon hier? — how long have you been here?

schon damals/jetzt — even at that time or in those days/even now

schon [im Jahre] 1926 — as early as 1926; back in 1926

2) (fast gleichzeitig) there and then

er schwang sich auf das Fahrrad, und schon war er weg — he jumped on the bicycle and was away [in a flash]

3) (jetzt)

schon [mal] — now; (inzwischen) meanwhile

4) (selbst, sogar) even; (nur) only

das bekommt man schon für 90 Euro — you can get it for as little as 90 euros

5) (ohne Ergänzung, ohne weiteren Zusatz) on its own

[allein] schon der Gedanke daran ist schrecklich — the mere thought or just the thought of it is dreadful

schon der Name ist bezeichnend — the very name is significant

schon darum od. aus diesem Grund — for this reason alone
2.
Partikel

1) (verstärkend) really; (gewiss) certainly

du wirst schon sehen! — you'll see!

2) (ugs. ungeduldig): (endlich)

nun komm schon! — come on!; hurry up!

und wenn schon! — so what; what if he/she/it does/did/was etc.

3) (beruhigend): (wahrscheinlich) all right

er wird sich schon wieder erholen — he'll recover all right; he's sure to recover

4) (zustimmend, aber etwas einschränkend)

schon gut — OK (coll.)

Lust hätte ich schon, nur keine Zeit — I'd certainly like to, but I've no time

das ist schon möglich, nur... — that is quite possible, only...

5) (betont): (andererseits)

er ist nicht besonders intelligent, aber sein Bruder schon — he's not particularly intelligent, but his brother is

6) (einschränkend, abwertend)

was weiß der schon! — what does 'he know [about it]!

was soll das schon heißen? — what's 'that supposed to mean?

* * *

schön

A. adj

1. (attraktiv) nice; (ausgesprochen schön) beautiful; Frau: auch attractive; Mann: handsome, good-looking; Kind: lovely; Tier: beautiful;

schöne Schrift nice handwriting;

schöne Stimme attractive voice; Singstimme: beautiful voice;

er ist kein schöner Mann, aber … he’s not good-looking (hum he’s no Adonis), but …;

eine hinreißend schöne Frau a stunningly beautiful woman;

sich schön machen dress up, make o.s. smart (US neat); (sich schminken) put one’s make-up ( oder face umg) on;

sich für jemanden schön machen try to look one’s best for sb;

sei schön und halt den Mund! umg be a wonderful friend ( oder do me a favo[u]r) and keep your mouth shut

2.

die schönen Künste the fine arts;

schöne Literatur belles-lettres pl, belletristic literature

3. (gut) good; (nett) nice; (erlesen) fine, choice;

ein schöner Erfolg a great success;

schönes Wetter good ( oder fine) weather;

ein schönes Beispiel der Barockdichtung a fine example of Baroque poetry;

schönen Dank! many thanks; abweisend: no thank you, thanks but no thanks umg;

schön! als Zustimmung: all right, fine; umg okay;

na schön! (also gut) all right then;

zu schön, um wahr zu sein too good to be true;

das ist alles schön und gut, aber … that’s all very well, but …;

das Schöne daran the great thing about it;

das Schönste kommt noch besonders iron you haven’t heard the best part yet, it gets better; → anrichten

4. (angenehm) nice, pleasant;

schöner heißer Tee umg nice hot (cup of) tea;

ein paar schöne Stunden a few pleasant ( stärker: happy) hours;

es war sehr schön auf dem Fest it was great ( oder very nice);

das war ein schöner Tag that was a lovely day;

schönen Tag noch! besonders US have a nice day;

schönes Wochenende! have a nice weekend;

war es schön im Urlaub? did you have a nice holiday?;

das ist schön von ihm that’s (very) kind ( oder nice) of him;

schöner Tod easy death;

schön wär’s! wouldn’t that be nice; (ist unwahrscheinlich) what a hope!, that’ll be the day!;

er macht nur schöne Worte it’s all fine words with him

5. umg (beträchtlich) considerable;

ein schönes Stück oder

eine schöne Strecke laufen walk quite a way ( oder distance);

eine ganz schöne Entfernung quite a considerable distance;

ein schönes Stück vorankommen make a fair bit of progress;

ein schönes Stück Arbeit a pretty big job;

eine schöne Summe a tidy sum;

ein ganz schönes Alter a fine old age;

du hast mir einen schönen Schreck eingejagt you gave me quite a scare;

das ist ja eine schöne Enttäuschung that’s a big disappointment

6. umg, iron:

das sind mir schöne Sachen that’s a fine kettle of fish;

du bist mir ein schöner Freund a fine friend you are;

das wäre ja noch schöner! that’d be the last straw, that’s the last thing we want; → Aussicht, Bescherung etc

7.

eines schönen Tages one day; zukünftig: one of these days

B. adv

1. nicely, beautifully etc; → A

2. umg (sehr) really, pretty;

schön warm nice and warm;

der Kaffee ist schön/ganz schön heiß the coffee is nice and hot/really hot;

ganz schön kalt auch damned cold;

sei schön brav! be a good boy ( oder girl) now;

bleib schön ruhig zum Kind: you be quiet now; (keine Aufregung) just keep calm now;

es ist ganz schön schwer that’s some weight; (schwierig) it’s pretty difficult;

du hast mich ganz schön erschreckt you gave me quite a scare;

ich habe mich schön gelangweilt I was bored stiff;

da wärst du schön dumm you’d be a right (US complete) fool

3.

du hast es schön! lucky you!

4. umg, iron:

jetzt steh ich schön da I look a right (US complete) fool now;

da ist er aber schön angekommen he got more than he had bargained for;

es kommt noch schöner it gets even better, you haven’t heard the best part yet

5.

wie man so schön sagt umg as they say;

wie es so schön heißt umg as the saying goes; → schönmachen, schöntun

* * *
1.
Adverb

1) (bereits) (oft nicht übersetzt) already; (in Fragen) yet

er kommt schon heute/ist schon gestern gekommen — he's coming today/he came yesterday

er ist schon da/[an]gekommen — he is already here/has already arrived

er ist schon gestern angekommen — he arrived as early as yesterday

wie lange bist du schon hier? — how long have you been here?

schon damals/jetzt — even at that time or in those days/even now

schon [im Jahre] 1926 — as early as 1926; back in 1926

2) (fast gleichzeitig) there and then

er schwang sich auf das Fahrrad, und schon war er weg — he jumped on the bicycle and was away [in a flash]

3) (jetzt)

schon [mal] — now; (inzwischen) meanwhile

4) (selbst, sogar) even; (nur) only

das bekommt man schon für 90 Euro — you can get it for as little as 90 euros

5) (ohne Ergänzung, ohne weiteren Zusatz) on its own

[allein] schon der Gedanke daran ist schrecklich — the mere thought or just the thought of it is dreadful

schon der Name ist bezeichnend — the very name is significant

schon darum od. aus diesem Grund — for this reason alone
2.
Partikel

1) (verstärkend) really; (gewiss) certainly

du wirst schon sehen! — you'll see!

2) (ugs. ungeduldig): (endlich)

nun komm schon! — come on!; hurry up!

und wenn schon! — so what; what if he/she/it does/did/was etc.

3) (beruhigend): (wahrscheinlich) all right

er wird sich schon wieder erholen — he'll recover all right; he's sure to recover

4) (zustimmend, aber etwas einschränkend)

schon gut — OK (coll.)

Lust hätte ich schon, nur keine Zeit — I'd certainly like to, but I've no time

das ist schon möglich, nur... — that is quite possible, only...

5) (betont): (andererseits)

er ist nicht besonders intelligent, aber sein Bruder schon — he's not particularly intelligent, but his brother is

6) (einschränkend, abwertend)

was weiß der schon! — what does 'he know [about it]!

was soll das schon heißen? — what's 'that supposed to mean?

* * *

adv.

already adv.

yet adv.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > schön

16 claro

adj.

1 obvious, apparent, clear, crisp.

2 clear, bright, clear-cut, articulate.

3 definite, distinct.

intj.

sure, sure enough, of course.

m.

1 clearing, glade, clear space, clear.

2 gap.

3 Claro.

* * *

claro

► adjetivo

1 (gen) clear

■ no está nada claro it's not clear at all

2 (iluminado) bright, well-lit

3 (color) light

■ azul claro light blue

4 (salsa etc) thin; (café, chocolate, etc) weak

5 (evidente) clear

► adverbio

1 clearly

► nombre masculino claro

1 (gen) gap, space; (de bosque) clearing

2 (en el pelo) bald patch

► interjección ¡claro!

1 of course!

■ ¡claro que no puedes! of course you can't!

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

a las claras openly

dejar algo claro to make something clear

estar claro to be clear

¡lo llevas claro! / ¡lo tienes claro! familiar you've got it coming to you!

más claro,-a que el agua familiar as clear as daylight

poner en claro to make plain, clear up

sacar en claro to get out

■ no sacamos nada en claro del informe we didn't get anything out of the report

claro de luna moonlight

mente clara figurado clear mind

————————

claro

► nombre masculino

1 (gen) gap, space; (de bosque) clearing

2 (en el pelo) bald patch

► interjección

* * *
1. (f. - clara)
adj.

1) clear

2) evident

3) bright

4) fair, light

5) weak, thin

6) frank
2. adv.
1) clearly

2) sure

3) frankly

4) of course
3. noun m.
clearing

- claro de luna

* * *

1. ADJ

1) (=no oscuro) [piel] fair; [color] light, pale

un vestido verde claro — a light o pale green dress

pelo castaño claro — light brown hair

una alemana de ojos claros — a blue-eyed German girl

2) (=evidente)

a) [con sustantivos] [ejemplo, prueba, ventaja] clear; [inconveniente] obvious; [desastre] total, absolute

esto es un claro reflejo de que el sistema no funciona — this is a clear indication that the system does not work

España ganó por un claro 15-6 — Spain won a decisive 15-6 victory, Spain were clear winners by 15-6

... aseguró, en clara referencia a sus superiores —... he asserted, clearly referring o in an obvious reference to his superiors

b) [con verbos]

• dejar algo claro — to make sth clear

ha dejado bien claro que no quiere vernos más — he has made it quite clear he does not want to see us again

dejar las cosas claras o en claro — to get things clear, get things straight *

• estar claro — to be clear

el futuro del equipo no está muy claro — the future of the team is not very clear

¿está claro? — is that clear?

estar claro que — to be clear that, be obvious that

está claro que así no vamos a ninguna parte — it's clear o obvious that we'll get nowhere like this

no está nada claro que nuestro partido vaya a ganar las elecciones — it's not at all clear that our party will win the election

• quedar claro — to be clear

si te lees la bibliografía, te quedará todo más claro — if you read the books on the reading list, it'll all be clearer to you o you'll have a better idea of things

así quedarán claras nuestras intenciones — this way our intentions will be (quite) clear

• tener algo claro — to be sure of sth, be clear about sth

ni siquiera tengo claro lo que me espera mañana — I'm not even sure o clear what's in store for me tomorrow

es importante tener nuestro objetivo bien claro — it is important to be sure of our objective

no lo tengo nada claro — I'm not at all sure, I don't really know

c)

a las claras —

prefiero decírselo a las claras — I prefer to tell him straight (out)

su triunfo deja bien a las claras el buen momento que atraviesa — his victory is a clear indication o sign that he is on excellent form

- ser más claro que el agua

las cuentas claras —

me gustan las cuentas claras — I like to have o keep things clear

el ministro ha presentado las cuentas claras al Parlamento — the minister has been quite straightforward with Parliament

llevarlo Esp o tenerlo claro iró —

lo tienes claro — things won't be easy for you

sacar algo en claro (de algo) —

solo hemos sacado en claro que no pretende dimitir — all that we can safely o definitely say is that he has no intention of resigning

lo único que la policía consiguió sacar en claro durante el interrogatorio — the only definite thing the police got from the interview

no he sacado nada en claro de esa conferencia — I'm still none the wiser after that lecture

ver algo claro —

no ven claro cómo van a poder terminar a tiempo — they can't really see how they are going to finish on time

el ministro ve claro que se puede lograr un acuerdo — the minister is optimistic about reaching an agreement

lo vi claro en cuanto oí la noticia — it became clear to me when I heard the news

sus padres no veían muy claro el tema — his parents weren't too sure about the matter

3) (=poco espeso) [té, café] weak; [caldo] thin

4) (=luminoso) [día, mañana] bright; [habitación, casa] light, bright

5) (=transparente) [agua] clear; [tejido] transparent

6) (=nítido) [sonido, voz] clear; [imagen] sharp, clear

7) (=escaso) [pelo] thin; [bosque] light, sparse

8) (=preciso) [idea] clear

tiene las ideas muy claras — he really knows what he wants from life

una mente clara — (lit) a clear mind; (fig) a clear thinker

9) (=sincero) frank

ser claro — to be frank

2. ADV

1) (=con precisión) [oír, ver, hablar] clearly

2) (=sinceramente) frankly

• hablar claro — to speak frankly, be frank

- claro y raspado

3) [tras invitaciones, peticiones] sure

-¿puedo usar tu coche mañana? -¡claro! — "can I use your car tomorrow?" - "sure!"

-¿queréis venir a cenar? -¡claro! — "would you like to come to dinner?" - "sure!"

4) [uso enfático]

¡claro! por eso estaba ayer tan rara — of course! that's why she was acting so funny yesterday

a menos que, claro está, él también la conozca — unless of course he knows her too

-¿por qué no te disfrazas tú? -¡claro, para que os riáis de mí todos! — "why don't you dress up?" - "oh sure, so you can all laugh at me!"

• claro que, claro que nadie se imaginaba lo que vendría después — of course nobody could imagine what would happen afterwards

¡claro que no! — of course not!

claro que no es verdad — of course it isn't true

¡claro que sí! — yes, of course!

3. SM

1) (Meteo) bright spell, sunny interval

habrá nubes y claros — it will be cloudy with bright spells o sunny intervals

un pequeño claro entre las nubes — a slight break in the clouds

claro de luna — moonlight

2) [de tiempo] lull

aprovechamos un clarillo para salir a comprar — we took advantage of a little lull to go and do some shopping

- velar de claro en claro

3) (=espacio despejado) [entre personas] space; [entre árboles] clearing; [de pelo] bald patch

se pueden ver algunos claros en la sala — there are a few (empty) spaces in the hall

4) [en un texto] gap, space; [en discurso] pause

5) (Arquit) (=claraboya) skylight; (=abertura) window (opening)

6) Caribe (Culin) guava jelly

7) Caribe (=bebida) sugar-cane brandy

* * *
I
- ra adjetivo

1) ( luminoso) <cielo/habitación> bright

2) ( pálido) <color/verde/azul> light, pale; < piel> fair

tiene los ojos claros — she has blue/green/gray eyes

3) <salsa/sopa> thin

4) <agua/sonido> clear; <ideas/explicación/instrucciones> clear; <situación/postura> clear

tener algo claro — to be clear about something

que quede bien claro que... — I want it to be quite clear that...

¿está claro? — is that clear?

quiero dejar (en) claro que... — I want to make it very o quite clear that...

a las claras: díselo a las claras tell her straight; llevarlo claro (Esp fam) to be in for a shock; sacar algo en claro de algo — to make sense of something

5) ( evidente) clear, obvious

hay pruebas claras — there is clear evidence

está claro que... — it is clear o obvious that...

a no ser, claro está, que esté mintiendo — unless, of course, he's lying
II
adverbio

1) < ver> clearly

voy a hablarte claro — I'm not going to beat around o about the bush

me lo dijo muy claro — he made it very o quite clear (to me)

2) (indep)

a) ( en exclamaciones de asentimiento) of course

claro que lo sabe! — of course she knows!

claro que no! — no, of course not!

claro que sí! — of course, absolutely!

b) ( como enlace) mind you

nadie le creyó, claro no es de extrañar — nobody believed him. Mind you, it's not surprising

claro, así cualquiera puede — well, of course anyone can do it like that

díselo - claro, para que me regañe ¿no? — (iró) tell him - oh sure, and have him tell me off, right? (iro)
III
masculino

1) ( en bosque) clearing; (en el pelo, la barba) bald patch

2) (Meteo) sunny spell o period o interval

* * *

= apparent, clear [clearer -comp., clearest -sup.], clear-cut, crisp [crisper -comp., crispest -sup.], definite, distinct, light, neat [neater -comp., neatest -sup.], plain [plainer -comp., plainest -sup.], straightforward, tidy, distinctive, designated, uncloudy, unclouded, unclouded, cloudless, forthright, uncompromising, unqualified, cut and dried [cut and dry], patent.

Ex. Menu-based information retrieval system have found favour because of their apparent simplicity.

Ex. In practice the distinction between one term and the next is not very clear.

Ex. The hierarchical relationship is relatively clear-cut, and rather precise guideliness can be formulated to ensure that the BT/NT relationship is consistently applied.

Ex. A crisp, even impression became the norm, along with the use of respectable paper and ink.

Ex. I don't see that we are going to stand a chance unless there is something very definite coming out of this conference and similar conferences where these ideas are advanced.

Ex. Against this proliferation of hosts there is a distinct awareness amongst users of the need for the rationalisation.

Ex. To match the small amount of existing furniture which was reused, internal joinery and furniture is in a light coloured timber.

Ex. What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.

Ex. To reiterate, there are two main categories of relationship: the syntactic relationships referred to in the last paragraph and plain, for example, in a topic such as 'sugar and health'.

Ex. Even in this apparently straightforward situation, complications can arise.

Ex. This was all very tidy, but who was to judge significance?.

Ex. A patron may submit a beautifully legible request for a book with a distinctive author and title, accompanied by a reference to the journal article from which the citation was gleaned.

Ex. It is tremendously valuable to library staff (particularly in libraries with a designated departmental structure) to maintain close professional ties with local academic departments.

Ex. In that case, the peak of solar energy could be at an uncloudy moment in the morning or afternoon, even though the sun wasn't highest in the sky at that moment.

Ex. As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.

Ex. As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.

Ex. This is the first cloudless image of the Earth from space.

Ex. We have been told once, in clear and forthright terms, what it is that we need.

Ex. What precipitated that furor was that Panizzi's volume represented a uncompromising rejection of the comfortable ideology of the finding catalog.

Ex. Wing has not had the almost unqualified praise from the reviewers that Pollard and Redgrave received.

Ex. One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.

Ex. It was patent that they could not compete on equal terms with the economic and social forces of a complex civilization.

----

* cantarlas claras = call + a spade a spade.

* con una meta clara = focused [focussed].

* con un objetivo claro = focused [focussed].

* cuestiones poco claras = grey area [gray area].

* de forma clara = clearly.

* dejar bien claro = make + it + crystal clear, make + Reflexivo + crystal clear.

* dejar claro = make + it + clear, send + a clear signal that.

* de manera clara = distinctly, clearly.

* de modo claro = transparently.

* en + Lengua + claro = in plain + Lengua.

* en términos claros = in simple terms.

* estar claro = be plain, be out in the open.

* hablar claro = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.

* las cosas + estar + claras = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.

* más claro el agua = as clear as a bell.

* más claro que el agua = as clear as a bell.

* nada claro = unclear, uncleared.

* no dar una impresión clara = send + mixed signals.

* no está claro todavía = the jury is still out (on).

* para que quede más claro = for main effects.

* pasta de clara de huevo = glair.

* poco claro = fuzzy [fuzzier - comp., fuzziest -sup.], indistinct, obscure, unclear, untidy, hazy, inconclusive, slurred, clouded, undistinguished, uncleared, indistinctive.

* poner en claro = clear up.

* ser algo muy claro = be a dead giveaway.

* sin una meta clara = unfocused [unfocussed].

* sin un objetivo claro = non-purposive, unfocused [unfocussed].

* tan claro como el agua = as clear as a bell.

* tener Algo claro = clarify + Posesivo + mind.

* tener claro = be clear in your mind.

* violeta claro = periwinkle.

* * *
I
- ra adjetivo

1) ( luminoso) <cielo/habitación> bright

2) ( pálido) <color/verde/azul> light, pale; < piel> fair

tiene los ojos claros — she has blue/green/gray eyes

3) <salsa/sopa> thin

4) <agua/sonido> clear; <ideas/explicación/instrucciones> clear; <situación/postura> clear

tener algo claro — to be clear about something

que quede bien claro que... — I want it to be quite clear that...

¿está claro? — is that clear?

quiero dejar (en) claro que... — I want to make it very o quite clear that...

a las claras: díselo a las claras tell her straight; llevarlo claro (Esp fam) to be in for a shock; sacar algo en claro de algo — to make sense of something

5) ( evidente) clear, obvious

hay pruebas claras — there is clear evidence

está claro que... — it is clear o obvious that...

a no ser, claro está, que esté mintiendo — unless, of course, he's lying
II
adverbio

1) < ver> clearly

voy a hablarte claro — I'm not going to beat around o about the bush

me lo dijo muy claro — he made it very o quite clear (to me)

2) (indep)

a) ( en exclamaciones de asentimiento) of course

claro que lo sabe! — of course she knows!

claro que no! — no, of course not!

claro que sí! — of course, absolutely!

b) ( como enlace) mind you

nadie le creyó, claro no es de extrañar — nobody believed him. Mind you, it's not surprising

claro, así cualquiera puede — well, of course anyone can do it like that

díselo - claro, para que me regañe ¿no? — (iró) tell him - oh sure, and have him tell me off, right? (iro)
III
masculino

1) ( en bosque) clearing; (en el pelo, la barba) bald patch

2) (Meteo) sunny spell o period o interval

* * *

= apparent, clear [clearer -comp., clearest -sup.], clear-cut, crisp [crisper -comp., crispest -sup.], definite, distinct, light, neat [neater -comp., neatest -sup.], plain [plainer -comp., plainest -sup.], straightforward, tidy, distinctive, designated, uncloudy, unclouded, unclouded, cloudless, forthright, uncompromising, unqualified, cut and dried [cut and dry], patent.

Ex: Menu-based information retrieval system have found favour because of their apparent simplicity.

Ex: In practice the distinction between one term and the next is not very clear.

Ex: The hierarchical relationship is relatively clear-cut, and rather precise guideliness can be formulated to ensure that the BT/NT relationship is consistently applied.

Ex: A crisp, even impression became the norm, along with the use of respectable paper and ink.

Ex: I don't see that we are going to stand a chance unless there is something very definite coming out of this conference and similar conferences where these ideas are advanced.

Ex: Against this proliferation of hosts there is a distinct awareness amongst users of the need for the rationalisation.

Ex: To match the small amount of existing furniture which was reused, internal joinery and furniture is in a light coloured timber.

Ex: What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.

Ex: To reiterate, there are two main categories of relationship: the syntactic relationships referred to in the last paragraph and plain, for example, in a topic such as 'sugar and health'.

Ex: Even in this apparently straightforward situation, complications can arise.

Ex: This was all very tidy, but who was to judge significance?.

Ex: A patron may submit a beautifully legible request for a book with a distinctive author and title, accompanied by a reference to the journal article from which the citation was gleaned.

Ex: It is tremendously valuable to library staff (particularly in libraries with a designated departmental structure) to maintain close professional ties with local academic departments.

Ex: In that case, the peak of solar energy could be at an uncloudy moment in the morning or afternoon, even though the sun wasn't highest in the sky at that moment.

Ex: As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.

Ex: As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.

Ex: This is the first cloudless image of the Earth from space.

Ex: We have been told once, in clear and forthright terms, what it is that we need.

Ex: What precipitated that furor was that Panizzi's volume represented a uncompromising rejection of the comfortable ideology of the finding catalog.

Ex: Wing has not had the almost unqualified praise from the reviewers that Pollard and Redgrave received.

Ex: One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.

Ex: It was patent that they could not compete on equal terms with the economic and social forces of a complex civilization.

* cantarlas claras = call + a spade a spade.

* con una meta clara = focused [focussed].

* con un objetivo claro = focused [focussed].

* cuestiones poco claras = grey area [gray area].

* de forma clara = clearly.

* dejar bien claro = make + it + crystal clear, make + Reflexivo + crystal clear.

* dejar claro = make + it + clear, send + a clear signal that.

* de manera clara = distinctly, clearly.

* de modo claro = transparently.

* en + Lengua + claro = in plain + Lengua.

* en términos claros = in simple terms.

* estar claro = be plain, be out in the open.

* hablar claro = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.

* las cosas + estar + claras = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.

* más claro el agua = as clear as a bell.

* más claro que el agua = as clear as a bell.

* nada claro = unclear, uncleared.

* no dar una impresión clara = send + mixed signals.

* no está claro todavía = the jury is still out (on).

* para que quede más claro = for main effects.

* pasta de clara de huevo = glair.

* poco claro = fuzzy [fuzzier - comp., fuzziest -sup.], indistinct, obscure, unclear, untidy, hazy, inconclusive, slurred, clouded, undistinguished, uncleared, indistinctive.

* poner en claro = clear up.

* ser algo muy claro = be a dead giveaway.

* sin una meta clara = unfocused [unfocussed].

* sin un objetivo claro = non-purposive, unfocused [unfocussed].

* tan claro como el agua = as clear as a bell.

* tener Algo claro = clarify + Posesivo + mind.

* tener claro = be clear in your mind.

* violeta claro = periwinkle.

* * *

claro¹ -ra

adjective

A (luminoso) ‹cielo› bright; ‹habitación› bright, light

el día amaneció claro the day dawned bright and clear

B (pálido) ‹color/verde/azul› light, pale; ‹piel› fair, white

tiene los ojos claros she has blue/green/gray eyes

el típico sueco rubio y de ojos claros the typical blue-eyed, blond Swede

C ‹salsa/sopa› thin; ‹café/té› weak

D ‹agua/sonido› clear

habló con voz clara she spoke in a clear voice

E ‹ideas/explicación/instrucciones› clear; ‹situación/postura› clear

consiguieron una clara ventaja they gained a clear advantage

tiene muy claro lo que quiere en la vida she is very clear o sure about what she wants out of life, she knows exactly what she wants out of life

que quede bien claro que … I want it to be quite clear that …

lo harás como yo te diga, ¿está claro? you'll do it the way I say, is that clear o do I make myself clear?

quiero dejar (en) claro que … or que quede bien (en) claro que … I want to make it very o quite clear that …, let it be very o quite clear that …

a las claras: no me lo dijo a las claras she didn't tell me in so many words o straight out o ( AmE) right off

no seas cobarde y díselo a las claras don't be a coward, tell her straight

llevarlo claro ( Esp fam) (estar equivocado) to be in for a shock o a disappointment; (enfrentarse a algo difícil) to have one's work cut out ( colloq)

pasar la noche en claro to lie o be awake all night

sacar algo en claro de algo to make sense of sth

¿tú sacaste algo en claro de lo que dijo? did you manage to make any sense of what he said?

F (evidente) clear, obvious

hay pruebas claras de que miente there is clear evidence that he is lying

está claro que ella es la culpable it is clear o obvious that she is the culprit, she is clearly o obviously the culprit

… a no ser, claro está, que esté mintiendo … unless, of course, he's lying

claro²

adverb

A ‹hablar/ver›

voy a hablarte claro I'm not going to beat around o about the bush, I'm going to give it to you straight ( colloq)

ahora lo veo claro I see it all clearly now, now I get it! ( colloq)

me lo dijo muy claro he made it very o quite clear (to me)

claro y raspado ( Ven fam); straight

me lo dijo todo claro y raspado he told me straight, he didn't beat around o about the bush

B ( indep)

1 (en exclamaciones de asentimiento) of course!

¡claro que lo sabe! of course she knows!

¿te gustaría verlo? — ¡claro! would you like to see it? — yes, I'd love to o ( colloq) sure!

¿lo hizo? — ¡claro que no! did he do it? — no, of course not! o no, of course he didn't!

2 (como enlace) mind you

nadie le creyó, claro que conociéndolo no es de extrañar nobody believed him. Mind you, knowing him it's not surprising

lo ayudó la madre — claro, así cualquiera his mother helped him — well, of course anyone can do it like that

anda, díselo tú — claro, para que me eche a mí la bronca ¿no? ( iró); go on, you tell him — oh sure o oh fine o I see, so that way it's me he gets mad at, right? ( iro)

claro³

masculine

A (en un bosque) clearing; (en el pelo, la barba) bald patch

había algunos claros en las gradas there were a few empty spaces in the stand

B ( Meteo) sunny spell o period o interval

Compuesto:

claro de luna

moonlight

* * *

claro 1
◊ -ra adjetivo

a) ( luminoso) ‹cielo/habitación› bright

b) ( pálido) ‹color/verde/azul› light, pale;

‹ piel› fair;
◊ tiene los ojos claros she has blue/green/gray eyes

c) ‹salsa/sopa› thin

d) ‹agua/sonido› clear;

‹ideas/explicación/instrucciones› clear;
‹situación/postura› clear;
◊ tener algo claro to be clear about sth;

¿está claro? is that clear?;
quiero dejar (en) claro que … I want to make it clear that …;
sacar algo en claro de algo to make sense of sth
e) ( evidente) clear, obvious;

◊ está claro que … it is clear o obvious that …;

a no ser, claro está, que esté mintiendo unless, of course, he's lying
claro 2 adverbio
1 ‹ ver› clearly;
◊ voy a hablarte claro I'm not going to beat around o about the bush;

me lo dijo muy claro he made it very quite clear (to me)
2 ( indep) ( en exclamaciones de asentimiento) of course
■ sustantivo masculino
a) ( en bosque) clearing;

(en pelo, barba) bald patch
b) (Meteo) sunny spell o period

claro,-a
I adjetivo
1 (despejado, evidente) clear: tengo muy claro que no va a volver, I'm quite sure she won't come back
un asunto poco claro, a shady deal
2 (poco espeso) thin
3 (color) light
II sustantivo masculino
1 (de un bosque) clearing
2 (entre las nubes) break in the clouds
3 claro de luna, moonlight
III adverbio clearly: deberías hablar claro, you must speak clearly
IV exclamación of course!
¡claro que puedo!, of course I can!
♦ Locuciones: a las claras, clearly
dejar algo claro, to make something clear
lo lleva claro si piensa que voy a tolerarlo, she can be quite sure that i?m not going to put up with it
sacar algo en claro, to draw a conclusion: después de tanta discusión, no sacamos nada en claro, we were back to square one after hours of discussion
' claro' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
clara
- escarceo
- estar
- hombre
- nebulosa
- nebuloso
- nítida
- nítido
- notoria
- notorio
- patente
- poca
- poco
- precisa
- preciso
- pues
- rondar
- sacar
- salvaje
- agua
- celeste
- color
- constar
- hablar
- lavado
- neto
- oscuro
- palpable
- que
- quedar
- visto
English:
ale
- apparent
- articulate
- break
- broad
- clean-cut
- clear
- clear-cut
- clearing
- confusing
- crystal-clear
- decided
- distinct
- enough
- fuzzy
- good
- ice-blue
- indistinct
- let
- light
- lucid
- mousy
- mud
- neat
- obscure
- outset
- pale
- plain
- precise
- sharp
- speak out
- spell out
- straight
- surely
- tenuous
- then
- thin
- transparently
- unclear
- unequivocal
- why
- blur
- by
- certainly
- clearly
- course
- crystal
- flash
- increasingly
- more

* * *

claro, -a

♦ adj

1. [luminoso] bright;

una habitación clara a bright o light room

2. [color] light;

verde claro light green

3. [sonido] clear;

hablaba con una voz clara she spoke in a clear voice

4. [sin nubes] clear;

un día/cielo claro a clear day/sky

5. [diluido] [té, café] weak;
[salsa, sopa] thin;
no me gusta el chocolate claro I don't like my hot chocolate thin

6. [poco tupido] thin, sparse

7. [persona, explicación, ideas, libro] clear;

hablaba con un lenguaje claro she spoke in clear terms;

dejar algo claro to make sth clear;

poner algo en claro to get sth clear, to clear sth up;

que quede (bien) claro que no fue idea mía I want to make it (quite) clear that it wasn't my idea;

sacar algo en claro (de) to make sth out (from);

después de escuchar su explicación no saqué nada en claro after listening to her explanation, I was none the wiser;

tengo claro que no puedo contar con él one thing I'm quite sure about is that I can't rely on him, one thing's for sure, I can't rely on him;

verlo claro [estar seguro] to be sure;

Comp

pasar una noche en claro to have a sleepless night;

Comp
Esp Fam
llevarlo o [m5]tenerlo claro: ¡lo lleva o [m5] tiene claro si piensa que le vamos a ayudar! if he thinks we're going to help him, he can think again!;

si no vienen ellos, lo tenemos claro if they don't come, we've had it

8. [obvio, evidente] clear;

el resultado fue claro the result was clear;

¿está claro? is that clear?;

está claro que van a ganar it's clear they're going to win;

está claro que te quieren engañar it's obvious that they are trying to deceive you, they are obviously trying to deceive you;

está claro o [m5]claro está que si no quieres, no estás obligado a participar of course o obviously, you're not obliged to participate if you don't want to;

a no ser, claro, que tengas una idea mejor unless, of course, you have a better idea;

Comp

está más claro que el agua it's perfectly o crystal clear;

allí no vuelvo, eso está más claro que el agua I'm not going there again, that's for certain

♦ nm

1. [en bosque] clearing;
[en multitud] space, gap;
vi un claro en la fila I saw a gap in the row

2. [en cielo nublado] break in the clouds;

se esperan nubes y claros it will be cloudy with some bright spells;

en cuanto haya un claro salimos we'll go out as soon as it brightens up

3. [calvicie, calva] bald patch

4. [en pintura] highlight

5. Arquit skylight

6. claro de luna moonlight

♦ adv

clearly;

hablar claro to speak clearly;

dilo claro, ¿te interesa o no? tell me straight, are you interested or not?;

¡claro! of course!;

¡claro que sí!, ¡pues claro! of course!;

¡claro que no! of course not!;

¡claro que me gusta! of course I like it!;
Irónico
¿me ayudarás? – claro, no pensaba en otra cosa will you help me? – oh sure, I wouldn't dream of doing anything else;
Irónico
ve tú primero – claro, así si hay algún agujero me caigo yo you go first – oh great o thanks a lot, that way if there's a hole I'll be the one to fall into it;

claro, con un jugador más ya se puede of course, with an extra player it's hardly surprising;

la obra no tuvo éxito, claro que conociendo al director no me sorprende the play wasn't a success, but then again that's hardly surprising knowing the director

♦ a las claras loc adv

clearly

* * *

claro

I adj

1 tb fig

clear;

poner en claro make clear;

dejar claro make plain;

quedar claro be clear;

tener algo claro be sure o clear about sth;

pasar la noche en claro lie awake all night, not sleep a wink;

a las claras clearly

2 color light

3 ( luminoso) bright

4 salsa thin

II adv

:

hablar claro speak plainly;

¡claro! of course!;

claro está of course

III m

1 METEO clear spell

2 en bosque clearing

* * *

claro adv

1) : clearly

habla más claro: speak more clearly

2) : of course, surely

¡claro!, ¡claro que sí!: absolutely!, of course!

claro que entendió: of course she understood

claro, -ra adj

1) : bright, clear

2) : pale, fair, light

3) : clear, evident

claro nm

1) : clearing

2)

claro de luna : moonlight

* * *

claro¹ adj

1. (en general) clear

una respuesta clara a clear answer

un día claro a clear day

2. (luminoso) bright

ésta es la habitación más clara de toda la casa this is the brightest room in the house

3. (color) light

le gusta vestir colores claros she likes wearing light coloured clothes

claro² adv clearly

no puede ver claro he can't see clearly

claro³ interj of course

claro que voy a ir a la fiesta of course I'm going to the party

claro que no of course not

claro que sí of course

claro⁴ n (en meteorología) sunny interval

claro de luna moonlight

Spanish-English dictionary > claro

17 wish

1. transitive verb
1) (desire, hope) wünschen

I wish I was or were rich — ich wollte od. (geh.) wünschte, ich wäre reich

I do wish he would come — wenn er nur kommen würde

I wish you would shut up — es wäre mir lieb, wenn du den Mund hieltest

‘wish you were here’ — (on postcard) "schade, dass du nicht hier bist"

2) with inf. (want) wünschen (geh.)

I wish to go — ich möchte od. will gehen

I wish you to stay — ich möchte od. will, dass du bleibst

3) (say that one hopes somebody will have something) wünschen

wish somebody luck/success — etc. jemandem Glück/Erfolg usw. wünschen

wish somebody good morning/a happy birthday — jemandem guten Morgen sagen/zum Geburtstag gratulieren

wish somebody ill/well — jemandem [etwas] Schlechtes/alles Gute wünschen

4) (coll.): (foist)

wish somebody/something on somebody — jemandem jemanden/etwas aufhalsen (ugs.)
2. intransitive verb
wünschen

come on, wish! — nun, wünsch dir was!

wish for something — sich (Dat.) etwas wünschen

what more could one wish for? — was will man mehr?

they have everything they could possibly wish for — sie haben alles, was sie sich (Dat.) nur wünschen können
3. noun
1) Wunsch, der

her wish is that... — es ist ihr Wunsch od. sie wünscht, dass...

I have no [great/particular] wish to go — ich habe keine [große/besondere] Lust zu gehen

make a wish — sich (Dat.) etwas wünschen

with best/[all] good wishes, with every good wish — mit den besten/allen guten Wünschen (on, for zu)

2) (thing desired)

get or have one's wish — seinen Wunsch erfüllt bekommen

at last he has [got] his wish — endlich ist sein Wunsch in Erfüllung gegangen

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/93821/wish_away">wish away

* * *
[wiʃ] 1. verb
1) (to have and/or express a desire: There's no point in wishing for a miracle; Touch the magic stone and wish; He wished that she would go away; I wish that I had never met him.) wünschen

2) (to require (to do or have something): Do you wish to sit down, sir?; We wish to book some seats for the theatre; I'll cancel the arrangement if you wish.) wollen

3) (to say that one hopes for (something for someone): I wish you the very best of luck.) wünschen
2. noun
1) (a desire or longing, or the thing desired: It's always been my wish to go to South America some day.) der Wunsch

2) (an expression of desire: The fairy granted him three wishes; Did you make a wish?) der Wunsch

3) ((usually in plural) an expression of hope for success etc for someone: He sends you his best wishes.) die Glückwünsche (pl.)

•

- wishful thinking
- wishing-well
* * *

wish

[wɪʃ]

I. n

<pl -es>

1. (desire) Wunsch m, Verlangen nt

against the \wishes of the party members gegen den Willen der Parteimitglieder

it was your mother's dearest/greatest/last \wish es war der sehnlichste/größte/letzte Wunsch deiner Mutter

your \wish is my command! dein Wunsch sei mir Befehl! hum

to express a \wish einen Wunsch äußern

to have a \wish sich dat etwas wünschen

to have no \wish to do sth keine Lust haben [o geh nicht das Verlangen verspüren], etw zu tun

he had no \wish to go through the experience again er wollte diese Erfahrung nicht noch einmal durchmachen

I've no \wish to be offensive, but... ich möchte niemandem zu nahe treten, aber...

2. (thing desired) Wunsch m

may all your \wishes come true mögen alle deine Wünsche in Erfüllung gehen

to get [or have] one's \wish seinen Willen bekommen

well, you've got your \wish, here we are in Paris nun, jetzt hast du deinen Willen — wir sind in Paris

to grant sb a \wish jdm einen Wunsch erfüllen

to make a \wish sich dat etwas wünschen

3. (regards)

▪ \wishes pl Grüße pl

good \wishes for your time at university alles Gute für deine Zeit an der Universität

with best \wishes mit den besten Wünschen

[with] best [or all good] \wishes (at end of letter) mit herzlichen Grüßen, herzliche Grüße

to give [or send] sb one's best \wishes jdn herzlich grüßen [lassen], jdm die besten Wünsche ausrichten [lassen]

please send her my best \wishes for a speedy recovery richten Sie ihr bitte meine besten Wünsche für eine baldige Genesung aus geh

4.

▶ the \wish is father to the thought ( prov) der Wunsch ist der Vater des Gedankens prov

▶ if \wishes were horses[, then beggars would ride] ( saying) wenn das Wörtchen wenn nicht wär'[, wär' mein Vater Millionär] prov

II. vt

1. (be desirous)

▪ to \wish sth etw wünschen

whatever you \wish was immer du möchtest

if that is what you \wish, you shall have it wenn es das ist, was du möchtest, dann sollst du es haben

▪ to \wish [that]... wünschen, dass...; (expressing annoyance) wollen [o erwarten], dass...

I \wish I hadn't said that ich wünschte, ich hätte das nicht gesagt

I do \wish you wouldn't keep calling me ich möchte, dass du endlich aufhörst, mich anzurufen

I \wish she'd shut up for a minute! wenn sie doch nur für einen Moment den Mund halten würde!

2. ( form: want)

▪ to \wish to do sth etw tun wollen

I \wish to make a complaint ich möchte mich beschweren

we don't \wish to be disturbed wir möchten nicht gestört werden

what do you \wish me to do? was kann ich für Sie tun?

passengers \wishing to take the Kings Cross train... Passagiere für den Zug nach Kings Cross...

I don't \wish to worry you, but... ich möchte Sie nicht beunruhigen, aber...

I don't \wish to appear rude, but... ich möchte nicht unhöflich erscheinen, aber...

without \wishing to appear overcritical,... ohne allzu kritisch erscheinen zu wollen,...

▪ to [not] \wish sth [up]on sb jdm etw [nicht] wünschen

I wouldn't \wish it on my worst enemy! das würde ich nicht einmal meinem schlimmsten Feind wünschen!

3. (make a magic wish)

▪ to \wish [that]... sich dat wünschen, dass...

I \wish you were here ich wünschte, du wärst hier

I \wished the day over ich wünschte, der Tag wäre schon vorbei

she \wished herself anywhere but there sie wünschte sich möglichst weit weg

sometimes I \wished myself dead manchmal wollte ich am liebsten tot sein

to \wish oneself back home sich akk nach Hause sehnen

4. (express wishes)

▪ to \wish sb sth jdm etw wünschen

to \wish sb happy birthday jdm zum Geburtstag gratulieren

to \wish sb merry Christmas jdm frohe Weihnachten wünschen

to \wish sb goodnight jdm [eine] gute Nacht wünschen

to \wish sb a safe journey/luck/every success jdm eine gute Reise/Glück/viel Erfolg wünschen

to \wish sb well/ill jdm [viel] Glück [o alles Gute] /nur Schlechtes wünschen

5. ( fam: impose on)

▪ to \wish sb/sth [up]on sb jdm jdn/etw aufhalsen fam

III. vi

1. (want) wollen, wünschen

[just] as you \wish [ganz] wie Sie wünschen

if you \wish wenn Sie es wünschen

▪ to \wish for sth etw wünschen [o wollen]

what more could you \wish for? was kann man sich mehr wünschen?

2. (make a wish)

▪ to \wish for sth sich dat etw wünschen

we couldn't have \wished for a better start wir hätten uns keinen besseren Start wünschen können

they've got everything a normal person could \wish for sie haben alles, was sich ein normaler Mensch nur wünschen kann

* * *
[wɪʃ]
1. n

1) Wunsch m (for nach)

your wish is my command — dein Wunsch ist or sei mir Befehl

I have no great wish to see him — ich habe kein Bedürfnis or keine große Lust, ihn zu sehen

to make a wish — sich (dat) etwas wünschen

you can make three wishes — du hast drei Wünsche

the wish is father to the thought (prov) — der Wunsch ist Vater des Gedankens (prov)

well, you got your wish —

you shall have your wish — dein Wunsch soll (dir) erfüllt werden or soll in Erfüllung gehen

2) wishespl

(in greetings) with best wishes — mit den besten Wünschen or Grüßen, alles Gute

please give him my good wishes — bitte grüßen Sie ihn (vielmals) von mir, bitte richten Sie ihm meine besten Wünsche aus

he sends his best wishes — er lässt (vielmals) grüßen

a message of good wishes — eine Gruß- or Glückwunschbotschaft

best wishes for a speedy recovery — alles Gute für eine baldige Genesung

2. vt

1) (= want) wünschen

I do not wish it — ich möchte or wünsche (form) es nicht

he wishes to be alone/to see you immediately — er möchte allein sein/dich sofort sehen

I wish you to be present — ich wünsche, dass Sie anwesend sind

what do you wish me to do? — was soll ich (bitte) tun?

do you wish more coffee, sir? ( Scot form ) — hätten Sie gern or wünschen Sie noch Kaffee?

2) (= desire, hope, desire sth unlikely) wünschen, wollen

I wish the play would begin — ich wünschte or wollte, das Stück finge an

I wish you'd be quiet — ich wünschte or wollte, du wärest ruhig

how he wished that his wife was or were there — wie sehr er sich (dat) wünschte, dass seine Frau hier wäre

wish you were here — ich wünschte or wollte, du wärest hier

3) (= entertain wishes towards sb) wünschen

to wish sb well/ill — jdm Glück or alles Gute/Schlechtes or Böses wünschen

I don't wish her any harm — ich wünsche ihr nichts Böses

to wish sb good luck/happiness — jdm viel Glück or alles Gute/Glück (und Zufriedenheit) wünschen

4) (= bid, express wish) wünschen

to wish sb a pleasant journey/good morning/merry Christmas — jdm eine gute Reise/guten Morgen/frohe Weihnachten wünschen

to wish sb goodbye — jdm Auf or auf Wiedersehen sagen

5)

to wish a wish — sich (dat) etwas wünschen

he wished himself anywhere but there —

if I could wish myself into the castle — wenn ich mich nur in das Schloss wünschen könnte

3. vi
(= make a wish) sich (dat) etwas wünschen
wishing won't solve the problem — der Wunsch allein wird das Problem nicht lösen

to wish upon a star (liter) — sich (dat) bei einer Sternschnuppe etwas wünschen

* * *

wish [wıʃ]

A v/t

1. wollen, wünschen:

I wish I were there ich wollte, ich wäre dort;

wish sb further ( oder at the devil) jemanden zum Teufel wünschen;

wish o.s. home sich nach Hause sehnen;

wish sb to do sth wünschen, dass jemand etwas tut

2. hoffen:

it is to be wished es ist zu hoffen oder zu wünschen

3. jemandem Glück, Spaß etc wünschen:

wish sb well (ill) jemandem Gutes (Böses) wünschen, jemandem wohlwollen (übelwollen);

wish sb good morning jemandem guten Morgen wünschen;

wish sb (sth) on sb jemandem jemanden (etwas) aufhalsen;

I wouldn’t wish that on my worst enemy das würde ich nicht einmal meinem ärgsten Feind wünschen; → birthday A, joy A 1, luck A 2

4. jemanden ersuchen, bitten ( beide:

to do zu tun)

B v/i (for) sich sehnen (nach), sich (etwas) wünschen:

I have been wishing for you to come ich habe mir gewünscht, dass du kommst;

he cannot wish for anything better er kann sich nichts Besseres wünschen;

as you wish wie Sie wünschen oder wollen

C s

1. Wunsch m:

a) Verlangen n ( for nach)

b) Bitte f ( for um)

c) (das) Gewünschte:

you shall have your wish du sollst haben, was du dir wünschst;

what’s your Christmas wish? was wünschst du dir zu Weihnachten?;

if wishes were horses, beggars would ride (Sprichwort) es hat keinen Sinn, sich Unmögliches zu wünschen; → father A 5

2. pl (gute) Wünsche pl, Glückwünsche pl

* * *
1. transitive verb
1) (desire, hope) wünschen

I wish I was or were rich — ich wollte od. (geh.) wünschte, ich wäre reich

I do wish he would come — wenn er nur kommen würde

I wish you would shut up — es wäre mir lieb, wenn du den Mund hieltest

‘wish you were here’ — (on postcard) "schade, dass du nicht hier bist"

2) with inf. (want) wünschen (geh.)

I wish to go — ich möchte od. will gehen

I wish you to stay — ich möchte od. will, dass du bleibst

3) (say that one hopes somebody will have something) wünschen

wish somebody luck/success — etc. jemandem Glück/Erfolg usw. wünschen

wish somebody good morning/a happy birthday — jemandem guten Morgen sagen/zum Geburtstag gratulieren

wish somebody ill/well — jemandem [etwas] Schlechtes/alles Gute wünschen

4) (coll.): (foist)

wish somebody/something on somebody — jemandem jemanden/etwas aufhalsen (ugs.)
2. intransitive verb
wünschen

come on, wish! — nun, wünsch dir was!

wish for something — sich (Dat.) etwas wünschen

what more could one wish for? — was will man mehr?

they have everything they could possibly wish for — sie haben alles, was sie sich (Dat.) nur wünschen können
3. noun
1) Wunsch, der

her wish is that... — es ist ihr Wunsch od. sie wünscht, dass...

I have no [great/particular] wish to go — ich habe keine [große/besondere] Lust zu gehen

make a wish — sich (Dat.) etwas wünschen

with best/[all] good wishes, with every good wish — mit den besten/allen guten Wünschen (on, for zu)

2) (thing desired)

get or have one's wish — seinen Wunsch erfüllt bekommen

at last he has [got] his wish — endlich ist sein Wunsch in Erfüllung gegangen

Phrasal Verbs:

- wish away

* * *

v.

wünschen v. n.

Wunsch -¨e m.

English-german dictionary > wish

18 forse

perhaps, maybe

mettere in forse cast doubt on

* * *

forse avv.

1 perhaps, maybe, possibly: forse arriveranno domani, perhaps (o maybe) they will arrive tomorrow; forse avevi ragione, perhaps (o maybe) you were right; forse un giorno si pentirà di aver preso questa decisione, one day he may be sorry he made this decision; ho forse detto qualcosa che non va?, have I said something wrong, maybe?; ''Andrai in Inghilterra quest'estate?'' ''Forse'', ''Are you going to England this summer?'' ''Maybe'' (o ''Possibly''); ''Ci vedremo alla riunione?'' ''Forse'', ''Will we see each other at the meeting?'' ''Possibly'' (o ''Maybe''); non abbiamo questo libro; potrebbe forse trovarlo in biblioteca, we haven't got this book, you might be able to find it in the library // forse ( che) sì, forse ( che) no, perhaps so, perhaps not // Con uso rafforzativo: ha rinunciato a quell'incarico, e forse forse è stato meglio così, he gave up the post and perhaps it was for the best; avrò venti giorni di ferie, forse forse un mese, I'll get three weeks' holiday, maybe even a month; e se, forse forse, avesse avuto ragione lui?, what if he was right? ∙ Come si nota dagli esempi, in questo significato si può usare il verbo may in luogo dell'avverbio che esprime eventualità

2 ( probabilmente) probably: ci vedremo forse stasera, we'll probably see each other this evening; non ha telefonato perché forse se n'è dimenticato, he hasn't phoned, so he's probably forgotten; forse ti sembrerà strano, ma..., you will probably think it strange but...

3 ( circa) about, some: avrà avuto forse 50 anni, he must have been about 50 years old; erano forse le sei, it was about six o'clock; saranno forse una trentina in tutto, there must be about thirty of them in all; i dimostranti nella piazza saranno stati forse in 200, there must have been some 200 demonstrators in the square

4 ( con uso enfatico o retorico): non siamo forse amici?, we're friends, aren't we?; è forse questa la maniera di comportarsi?, is this the way to behave?; forse che non ti ho sempre consigliato per il meglio?, I've always given you good advice, haven't I?

◆ s.m.: senza forse, certainly (o no doubt); essere in forse, to be in doubt (o to hang in the balance) // non mi ha assicurato di venire, ha lasciato tutto in forse, he wouldn't tell me whether he was coming or not // mettere in forse qlco., to cast doubt on sthg.; mettere in forse la propria vita, to risk one's life.

* * *
['forse]
1. avv

1) perhaps, maybe

forse verrà più tardi — he may o might come later

forse hai ragione — maybe you're right

forse dovremmo andarcene — maybe we should leave

verrà? - non so. forse — will he come? - I don't know. maybe

2) (circa) about

ti devo forse 10 euro — I must owe you about 10 euros

mancheranno forse 500 euro — we're about 500 euros short

sei forse tu il mio padrone? — so you think you own me, do you?

2. sm

essere in forse — (persona) to be undecided, (evento) to be in doubt

mettere in forse la propria vita — to put one's life in danger

* * *
['forse] 1.
avverbio

1) perhaps, maybe, possibly

è coscienzioso, forse perfino troppo — he's conscientious, perhaps too much so

forse potresti aiutarmi — I wonder if you could help me

non so forse leggere? — iron. I can read, you know!

forse ha ragione — maybe she's right, she may be right

è forse la vacanza più bella che abbiamo fatto — it's just about the best holiday we've had

forse (che) sì, forse (che) no — colloq. maybe yes, maybe no

2) (circa) about, some

avrà forse trent'anni — he is about thirty years old

3) (per caso) by chance

ti ho forse offeso? — have I perhaps offended you?

vuoi forse negare che è vero? — can you possibly deny that it is true?

4) (in domande retoriche)

non siamo forse amici? — we are friends, aren't we?
2.
sostantivo maschile invariabile

ci sono troppi forse in questo progetto — there are too many ifs in this project

essere in forse — to be in doubt

mettere qcs. in forse — (in dubbio) to cast o throw doubt on sth.; (in pericolo) to endanger sth

* * *

forse

/'forse/

Forse si rende in inglese per lo più con perhaps o maybe, ma quest'ultimo è d'uso più informale. - Bisogna fare attenzione a non confondere l'avverbio maybe (una parola) con l'uso del modale may, eventualmente seguito dal verbo be, a indicare possibilità: forse hai ragione = maybe you are right; può darsi che tu abbia ragione = you may be right.

I avverbio

1 perhaps, maybe, possibly; è coscienzioso, forse perfino troppo he's conscientious, perhaps too much so; forse potresti aiutarmi I wonder if you could help me; non so forse leggere? iron. I can read, you know! forse ha ragione maybe she's right, she may be right; è forse la vacanza più bella che abbiamo fatto it's just about the best holiday we've had; forse (che) sì, forse (che) no colloq. maybe yes, maybe no

2 (circa) about, some; avrà forse trent'anni he is about thirty years old

3 (per caso) by chance; ti ho forse offeso? have I perhaps offended you? vuoi forse negare che è vero? can you possibly deny that it is true?

4 (in domande retoriche) non siamo forse amici? we are friends, aren't we?

II m.inv.

ci sono troppi forse in questo progetto there are too many ifs in this project; essere in forse to be in doubt; mettere qcs. in forse (in dubbio) to cast o throw doubt on sth.; (in pericolo) to endanger sth.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > forse

19 can

I 1. noun
1) (milk can, watering can) Kanne, die; (for oil, petrol) Kanister, der; (Amer.): (for refuse) Eimer, der; Tonne, die

a can of paint — eine Büchse Farbe; (with handle) ein Eimer Farbe

carry the can — (fig. coll.) die Sache ausbaden (ugs.)

2) (container for preserving) [Konserven]dose, die; [Konserven]büchse, die

a can of tomatoes/sausages — eine Dose od. Büchse Tomaten/Würstchen

a can of beer — eine Dose Bier

3) (Amer. sl.): (lavatory) Lokus, der (ugs.)
2. transitive verb,
- nn- eindosen; einmachen [Obst]
II auxiliary verb, only in pres.
can,neg. cannot, (coll.) can't, past could, neg. (coll.) couldn't können; (have right, be permitted) dürfen; können

as much as one can — so viel man kann

as... as can be — wirklich sehr...

can do — (coll.) kein Problem

he can't be more than 40 — er kann nicht über 40 sein

you can't smoke in this compartment — in diesem Abteil dürfen Sie nicht rauchen

I can't hear what you're saying — ich kann Sie nicht verstehen

how [ever] could you do this to me? — wie konnten Sie mir das bloß antun?

I could have killed him — ich hätte ihn umbringen können

[that] could be [so] — das könnte od. kann sein

* * *
[kæn] I negative - can't; verb
1) (to be able to: You can do it if you try hard.) können

2) (to know how to: Can you drive a car?) können

3) ((usually may) to have permission to: You can go if you behave yourself.) dürfen

4) (used in questions to indicate surprise, disbelief etc: What can he be doing all this time?)
II 1. noun
(a metal container for liquids and many types of food: oil-can; beer-can; six cans of beer.) die Kanne, die Dose
2. verb
(to put (especially food) into cans, usually to preserve it: a factory for canning raspberries.) eindosen

- academic.ru/10575/canned">canned
- cannery
* * *

can¹

[kæn]

I. n

1. (sealed container) Dose f; of food, paint also Büchse f

beer/drink \can Bier-/Getränkedose f

food \can Konservendose f, Konservenbüchse f

2. (contents)

a \can of lemonade eine Dose Limonade

a \can of paint eine Dose [o Büchse] Farbe; (with a handle) ein Eimer m Farbe

a \can of oil ein Kanister m Öl

3. (open container) Kanister m

milk \can Milchkanne f

petrol \can Benzinkanister m

4. (for waste) [Müll]eimer m, Abfalleimer m SCHWEIZ, Kehrichteimer m SCHWEIZ, Mistkübel m ÖSTERR fam; (larger) [Müll]tonne f

5. AM ( fam: prison)

▪ the \can der Knast fam, der Häfen ÖSTERR sl

6. AM ( fam: toilet)

▪ the \can das Klo fam

on the \can auf dem Klo fam

7. ( fam: headphones)

▪ \cans pl Kopfhörer pl

8.

▶ to have to carry the \can BRIT ( fam) die Sache ausbaden müssen fam

▶ to be in the \can FILM, PHOT ( fam) im Kasten sein fam

the scene is in the \can wir haben die Szene [o die Szene ist] im Kasten fam

this project is finally in the \can dieses Projekt ist endlich abgeschlossen

the deal is in the \can wir haben den Deal in der Tasche fig fam

▶ to be a \can of worms eine verzwickte Angelegenheit sein fam

▶ to open [up] a \can of worms ein heißes Eisen anpacken fig

II. vt

1. (package)

▪ to \can sth food etw eindosen; drinks etw in Dosen abfüllen

2. esp AM ( fam: stop)

▪ to \can sth mit etw dat aufhören

\can it! hör auf damit!

to \can a project ein Projekt begraben fam

3. AM ( fam: fire)

▪ to \can sb jdn rausschmeißen fam

can²

<could, could>

[kæn, kən]

aux vb

1. (be able to) können

\can you hear me? kannst du mich hören?, hörst du mich?

she \can speak four languages sie spricht vier Sprachen

the doctors are doing all they \can die Ärzte tun, was sie können [o tun ihr Möglichstes]

who \can blame her? wer will es ihr verdenken?

\can do kein Problem

no \can do geht leider nicht

2. (be allowed to) dürfen; (less formal) können

you \can't park here hier dürfen [o können] Sie nicht parken

\can I go out to play? darf [o kann] ich draußen spielen?

3. (requesting) können

\can/could you tell I've phoned? kannst/könntest du ihm ausrichten, dass ich angerufen haben?

\can/could you make a little less noise, please? kannst/könntest du bitte etwas leiser sein?

\can/could I borrow your car? kannst/könntest du mir dein Auto leihen?

4. (suggesting) können

you could [always] try du könntest es ja mal versuchen

you could be a bit nicer to him du könntest schon [o ruhig] etwas netter zu ihm sein

5. (offering assistance)

\can I help you with those bags? soll ich Ihnen mit den Taschen helfen?

\can I be of any help? kann ich irgendwie helfen?

6. (expressing possibility) können

he \can be really annoying at times manchmal kann er wirklich anstrengend sein

you \can get stamps from some newsagents einige Zeitschriftenhändler verkaufen auch Briefmarken

he \can't have done it on his own er kann das unmöglich alleine gemacht haben

7. (disbelieving, reprimanding)

you \can't be hungry already! du kannst doch nicht [o unmöglich] schon wieder Hunger haben!

you \can't be serious! das ist nicht dein Ernst!

how on earth could you do that! wie konntest du nur so etwas tun!

you could have told me before! das hättest du mir auch schon vorher sagen können!

8. ( fam: expressing need) können

I could do with a beer ich könnte jetzt [wirklich] ein Bier vertragen fam

I could do with a haircut ich müsste mal wieder zum Frisör

I could do with a new computer ich bräuchte einen neuen Computer [o fam könnte einen neuen Computer gebrauchen]

the car could do with a clean der Wagen müsste mal wieder gewaschen werden

9. (demanding)

you \can stop that right away! hör sofort damit auf!

10. (threatening) können

if you carry on like that, you \can just go to bed! wenn du so weitermachst, kannst du gleich ins Bett gehen!

* * *
I [kn] pret could
modal aux vb (defective parts supplied by to be able to)

1) (= be able to) können

can you come tomorrow? — kannst du morgen kommen?

I can't or cannot go to the theatre tomorrow —

I'll do it if I can — wenn ich kann(, tue ich es)

he'll help you all he can — er wird sein Möglichstes tun, er wird tun, was in seinen Kräften steht

as soon as it can be arranged — sobald es sich machen lässt

could you tell me... — können or könnten Sie mir sagen,...

can you speak German? — können or sprechen Sie Deutsch?

we can but hope that..., we can only hope that... — wir können nur hoffen, dass...

they could not (help) but condemn it — sie konnten nicht anders, als das zu verurteilen

2) (= may) dürfen, können

can I come too? — kann ich mitkommen?

can or could I take some more? — darf ich mir noch etwas or noch einmal nehmen?

you can go now — Sie können jetzt gehen

can I help? — darf or kann ich Ihnen helfen?

could I possibly go with you? — könnte or dürfte ich vielleicht mitkommen?

I'd like to go, can I? – no, you can't —

can I use your car? – no, you can't — kann or darf ich dein Auto nehmen? – nein

3) (expressing surprise etc) können

how can/could you say such a thing! — wie können/konnten Sie nur or bloß so etwas sagen!

where can it be? — wo kann das bloß sein?

where can they have gone? — wo können sie denn nur hingegangen sein?

you can't be serious — das kann doch wohl nicht dein Ernst sein

4) (expressing possibility) können

it could be that he's got lost — vielleicht hat er sich verlaufen, (es ist) möglich, dass er sich verlaufen hat

could he have got lost? —

he could be on the next train — er könnte im nächsten Zug sein

and it could have been such a good party! — und es hätte so eine gute Party sein können!

to think he could have become a doctor — wenn man bedenkt, dass er hätte Arzt werden können

5) (with verbs of perception) können

can you hear me? — hören Sie mich?, können Sie mich hören?

6) (= be capable of occasionally) können

she can be very nice when she wants to — wenn sie will, kann sie sehr nett sein

7) (indicating suggestion) können

you could try telephoning him —

you could have been a little more polite — Sie hätten etwas höflicher sein können

you could have told me — das hätten Sie mir auch sagen können

8) (= feel inclined to) können

I could have murdered her — ich hätte sie umbringen können

9)

we could do with some new furniture — wir könnten neue Möbel gebrauchen

I could do with a drink now — ich könnte jetzt etwas zu trinken vertragen

this room could do with a coat of paint — das Zimmer könnte mal wieder gestrichen werden

he looks as though he could do with a wash/haircut — ich glaube, er müsste sich mal waschen/er müsste sich (dat) mal wieder die Haare schneiden lassen
II
1. n

1) (= container) Kanister m; (= milk can) Kanne f; (esp US = garbage can) (Müll)eimer m

in the can (Film) — im Kasten

the contract's in the can (inf) — wir haben den Vertrag in der Tasche (inf)

to carry the can ( Brit fig inf ) — die Sache ausbaden (inf)

2) (= tin) Dose f; (of food also) Büchse f

a can of beer — eine Dose Bier

a beer can — eine Bierdose

a can of paint — eine Dose Farbe; (with handle) ein Eimer m Farbe

See:

→ worm

3) (US inf = prison) Knast m (inf)

4) (US inf = lavatory) Klo nt (inf), Scheißhaus nt (sl)

2. vt

1) foodstuffs einmachen, eindosen → canned

See:

→ canned

2) (inf)

can it! — Klappe! (inf)
III in cpds Büchsen-, Dosen-
* * *

can¹ [kæn; unbetont kən] inf und pperf fehlen, 2. sg präs obs canst [kænst], 3. sg präs can, neg cannot, prät could [kʊd; unbetont kəd] v/aux (mit folgendem inf ohne to) ich, er, sie, es kann, du kannst, wir, Sie, sie können, ihr könnt:

can you do it?;

I shall do all I can ich werde alles tun, was ich (tun) kann oder was in meinen Kräften steht;

can he still be alive? kann es sein, dass er noch am Leben ist?, ob er wohl noch lebt?; → could

can² [kæn]

A s

1. (Blech) Kanne f:

have to carry the can umg den Kopf hinhalten müssen ( for für), die Sache ausbaden müssen

2. (Blech-, Konserven) Dose f, (-)Büchse f:

a can of beer eine Dose Bier;

a can of worms umg eine harte Nuss, eine verwickelte Geschichte;

be in the can sl

a) gestorben oder im Kasten sein (Filmszene etc),

b) unter Dach und Fach sein (Vertrag etc);

can opener Dosen-, Büchsenöffner m

3. US (Ein)Weckglas n

4. US

a) (Müll-, Abfall) Eimer m

b) (Müll-, Abfall) Tonne f

5. Kanister m

6. sl Kittchen n (Gefängnis)

7. US sl Klo n, Lokus m (beide umg)

8. US sl Arsch m sl, Hintern m umg

9. SCHIFF, MIL sl

a) Wasserbombe f

b) US Eimer m umg, Zerstörer m

10. sl Unze f Marihuana

11. pl, auch pair of cans umg Kopfhörer m

B v/t

1. konservieren, einmachen, eindosen: → canned 1

2. TECH einkapseln, hermetisch verschließen

3. US sl rausschmeißen (entlassen)

4. US sl aufhören mit:

can it! hör auf damit!

5. umg (auf Band oder Schallplatte) aufnehmen: → canned 2

* * *
I 1. noun
1) (milk can, watering can) Kanne, die; (for oil, petrol) Kanister, der; (Amer.): (for refuse) Eimer, der; Tonne, die

a can of paint — eine Büchse Farbe; (with handle) ein Eimer Farbe

carry the can — (fig. coll.) die Sache ausbaden (ugs.)

2) (container for preserving) [Konserven]dose, die; [Konserven]büchse, die

a can of tomatoes/sausages — eine Dose od. Büchse Tomaten/Würstchen

a can of beer — eine Dose Bier

3) (Amer. sl.): (lavatory) Lokus, der (ugs.)
2. transitive verb,
- nn- eindosen; einmachen [Obst]
II auxiliary verb, only in pres.
can,neg. cannot, (coll.) can't, past could, neg. (coll.) couldn't können; (have right, be permitted) dürfen; können

as much as one can — so viel man kann

as... as can be — wirklich sehr...

can do — (coll.) kein Problem

he can't be more than 40 — er kann nicht über 40 sein

you can't smoke in this compartment — in diesem Abteil dürfen Sie nicht rauchen

I can't hear what you're saying — ich kann Sie nicht verstehen

how [ever] could you do this to me? — wie konnten Sie mir das bloß antun?

I could have killed him — ich hätte ihn umbringen können

[that] could be [so] — das könnte od. kann sein

* * *

(US) n.

Blechdose f.

Konservenbüchse f.

Zinnblechbüchse f. aux.

kann (können) aux.

können v.

(§ p.,pp.: konnte, gekonnt) n.

Buchse -n f.

Büchse -n f.

Kanister - m.

Kanne -n f.

Konserve -n f. (food) v.

in Büchsen einlegen ausdr.

English-german dictionary > can

20 Artificial Intelligence

   1) Programs and the Complexity of Human Mental Processes

   In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Is an Engineering Discipline

   Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)

   3) A Sceptical View of Artificial Intelligence

   Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inﬂated predictions....

   When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)

   4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually

   Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   5) Problems in Machine Intelligence Arise Because Things Obvious to Any Person Are Not Represented in the Program

   Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)

   6) The Meaning of a Symbolic Description

   What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   7) The Principle of Artificial Intelligence

   [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)

   8) Artificial Intelligence Recognizes the Need for Knowledge in Its Systems

   The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)

   9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form

   The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)

    10) There Are Many Types of Reasoning

   There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:

    Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins ﬂy? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can ﬂy, so robins probably can ﬂy."

    Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)

    11) Programs Are Beginning to Do Things That Critics Have Asserted to Be Impossible

   Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)

    12) The Synthesis of Man and Machine

   Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)

    13) The Thesis of Good Old-Fashioned Artificial Intelligence (GOFAI)

   The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)

    14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation

   It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)

    15) Four Kinds of Artificial Intelligence

   We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.

   ♦ Nonpsychological AI

   Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.

   ♦ Weak Psychological AI

   Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.

   ♦ Strong Psychological AI

... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)

   ♦ Suprapsychological AI

   Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)

    16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts

   Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)

    17) Form and Content Are Not Fundamentally Different

   Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System

   Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence

   The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.

   The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)

    20) Mathematical Logic Provides the Basis for Theory in AI

   The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....

   AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)

    21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions

   In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)

    22) Definitions of Artificial Intelligence

   Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)

    23) The Computer Can Not Be a Model of the Mind

   Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)

    24) Computers Will Not Always Be Inferior to Human Brains

   The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence

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